Create merge_sort.py

Author: Nikita2106-05

maths/merge_sort.py

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+"""
+Merge Sort Algorithm
+Time Complexity: O(n log n)
+Space Complexity: O(n)
+"""
+
+def merge_sort(arr):
+    if len(arr) <= 1:
+        return arr
+
+    mid = len(arr) // 2
+    left = merge_sort(arr[:mid])
+    right = merge_sort(arr[mid:])
+
+    return merge(left, right)
+
+
+def merge(left, right):
+    result = []
+    i = j = 0
+
+    while i < len(left) and j < len(right):
+        if left[i] <= right[j]:
+            result.append(left[i])
+            i += 1
+        else:
+            result.append(right[j])
+            j += 1
+
+    result.extend(left[i:])
+    result.extend(right[j:])
+    return result
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    arr = [38, 27, 43, 3, 9, 82, 10]
+    print("Sorted array:", merge_sort(arr))