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VIM CHEAT SHEET

  • Author : ADITYA JAIN
  • Last Modified on : 2023 Nov, 19

MODES IN VIM

(1) COMMAND MODE : esc (2) INSERT MODE : i / I / a / A / o / O (3) VISUAL MODE : v

INSTALL

$ sudo apt install vim

OPEN

  • Just open vim $ vim

  • Open existing file $ vim file_name

  • Create new file $ vim file_name

NOTE: (1) vim will always open in COMMAND MODE or NORMAL MODE. (2) To run any command, must go to COMMAND MODE first by pressing esc key. (3) After typing the command press return or enter key.

QUIT

  • Normal quit :q

  • Force quit :q!

SAVE

  • Save changes :w

  • Save and quit :wq :x

EDIT

  • Insert before character cursor at i

  • Insert after character cursor at a

  • Create newline after the cursor line o

  • Create newline before the cursor line O

  • Insert at the beginning of the cursor line I

  • Insert at the end of the cursor line A

  • Replace character r, new_character

NEVIGATE

  • To the left H

  • To the right L

  • To the above K

  • To the below J

  • Goto beginning of the file gg

  • Goto end of the file G

  • Goto certain line G :

  • Goto beginning of the line 0

  • Goto end of the line $

  • Goto closing bracket Move cursor to opening bracket, %

  • Jump over first letter of next word w

  • Jump over last letter of next word e

  • Jump over first letter of previous word b

  • Find next character on cursor line and move one position before it t

  • Find previous character on cursor line and move one position after it T

  • Find previous character on cursor line and move on it F

  • Find next character on cursor line and move on it f

  • Mark jump way-point m

  • Jump to marked way-point '

  • Bring cursor line in center zz

SELECT

  • Select a line or word
    1. Press key v to activate VISUAL MODE
    2. Use nevigation keys to select desired word or line or section

TOOLS

  • Undo u

  • Redo Ctrl + R

  • Delete from cursor to EOL D

  • Change from cursor to EOL C

  • Delete selected section d

  • Change selected section c

  • Yank selected section y

  • Delete complete line dd

  • Change complete line cc

  • Yank complete line yy Y

  • Paste below cursor line p

  • Paste above cursor line P

KEY COMBINATIONS

  • Combine command with numbers to repeat task for number times 100yy -> Yank 100 lines 5p -> Paste 5 times 10k -> Move 10 lines up

  • Use key i for specifying inner diw -> delete inner word ci" -> change inner quotes

INDENTATION

  • Indent cursor line correctly

  • Indent complete file correctly gg, v, G, = gg, =, G

  • Indent cursor line once to the right

  • Indent cursor line once to the left <<

  • Indent multiple lines to the right Select number of lines, >

  • Indent multiple lines to the left Select number of lines, <

SEARCH

  • Search a pattern /

    • Next n

    • Previous N

  • Search a pattern ?

    • Next N

    • Previous n

  • Search a selected token Select pattern, #

    • Next *

    • Previous

  • Search next occurency of current word *

  • Search previous occurency of current word

SUBSTITUTE

  • Substitute in current line only or in selection only (need to select first) :s/searchPattern/replacePattern/g

  • Substitute without confirmation :%s/searchPattern/replacePattern/g

  • Substitute with confirmation (case sensitive) :%s/searchPattern/replacePattern/gc :%s/searchPattern\c/replacePattern/gc :%s/searchPattern/replacePattern/gcI

  • Substitute with confirmation (case insensitive) :%s/searchPattern/replacePattern/gci

  • Substitute all from line x to y :x, ys/searchPattern/replacePattern/g

  • Substitute all from current to the last line :., $s/searchPattern/replacePattern/g

  • Substitute all from current to next 2 lines :., +2s/searchPattern/replacePattern/g

EDITOR TWEEKS

  • Set auto indent set autoindent

  • Show absolute line number set number

  • Hide absolute line number set number!

  • Show relative line number set relativenumber

  • Hide relative line number set relativenumber!

  • Enable mouse set mouse=a

  • Set color scheme colorscheme name_of_color_scheme tip: press tab key for suggestions

REGISTERS

  • View all registers content :reg

  • Copy to vim specific register "yy

  • Paste from vim specific register "p

  • Copy to system clipboard Select what to copy, "+yy

  • Paste from system clipboard "+p

MACRO

  • Start recording q

  • Stop recording q

  • Use macro @

MISC

  • Know the filename Ctrl + G

  • Repeat previous action .

  • Edit into multiple lines at once

    1. Press Ctrl + v to activate VISUAL BLOCK mode
    2. Use nevigation keys to select multiple lines
    3. Switch to INSERT MODE and made desired changes
    4. Press Esc key then Save by pressing :w

TIP

Save all settings in a config file : ~/.vimrc