diff --git a/src/Type/Constant/ConstantArrayType.php b/src/Type/Constant/ConstantArrayType.php
index 6cff7ef3af..cc1a545e25 100644
--- a/src/Type/Constant/ConstantArrayType.php
+++ b/src/Type/Constant/ConstantArrayType.php
@@ -741,7 +741,14 @@ public function unsetOffset(Type $offsetType): Type
 					$k++;
 				}
 
-				return new self($newKeyTypes, $newValueTypes, $this->nextAutoIndexes, $newOptionalKeys, TrinaryLogic::createNo());
+				$newIsList = self::isListAfterUnset(
+					$newKeyTypes,
+					$newOptionalKeys,
+					$this->isList,
+					in_array($i, $this->optionalKeys, true),
+				);
+
+				return new self($newKeyTypes, $newValueTypes, $this->nextAutoIndexes, $newOptionalKeys, $newIsList);
 			}
 
 			return $this;
@@ -751,6 +758,7 @@ public function unsetOffset(Type $offsetType): Type
 		if (count($constantScalars) > 0) {
 			$optionalKeys = $this->optionalKeys;
 
+			$arrayHasChanged = false;
 			foreach ($constantScalars as $constantScalar) {
 				$constantScalar = $constantScalar->toArrayKey();
 				if (!$constantScalar instanceof ConstantIntegerType && !$constantScalar instanceof ConstantStringType) {
@@ -762,6 +770,7 @@ public function unsetOffset(Type $offsetType): Type
 						continue;
 					}
 
+					$arrayHasChanged = true;
 					if (in_array($i, $optionalKeys, true)) {
 						continue 2;
 					}
@@ -770,21 +779,77 @@ public function unsetOffset(Type $offsetType): Type
 				}
 			}
 
-			return new self($this->keyTypes, $this->valueTypes, $this->nextAutoIndexes, $optionalKeys, TrinaryLogic::createNo());
+			if (!$arrayHasChanged) {
+				return $this;
+			}
+
+			$newIsList = self::isListAfterUnset(
+				$this->keyTypes,
+				$optionalKeys,
+				$this->isList,
+				count($optionalKeys) === count($this->optionalKeys),
+			);
+
+			return new self($this->keyTypes, $this->valueTypes, $this->nextAutoIndexes, $optionalKeys, $newIsList);
 		}
 
 		$optionalKeys = $this->optionalKeys;
-		$isList = $this->isList;
+		$arrayHasChanged = false;
 		foreach ($this->keyTypes as $i => $keyType) {
 			if (!$offsetType->isSuperTypeOf($keyType)->yes()) {
 				continue;
 			}
+			$arrayHasChanged = true;
 			$optionalKeys[] = $i;
-			$isList = TrinaryLogic::createNo();
 		}
 		$optionalKeys = array_values(array_unique($optionalKeys));
 
-		return new self($this->keyTypes, $this->valueTypes, $this->nextAutoIndexes, $optionalKeys, $isList);
+		if (!$arrayHasChanged) {
+			return $this;
+		}
+
+		$newIsList = self::isListAfterUnset(
+			$this->keyTypes,
+			$optionalKeys,
+			$this->isList,
+			count($optionalKeys) === count($this->optionalKeys),
+		);
+
+		return new self($this->keyTypes, $this->valueTypes, $this->nextAutoIndexes, $optionalKeys, $newIsList);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * When we're unsetting something not on the array, it will be untouched,
+	 * So the nextAutoIndexes won't change, and the array might still be a list even with PHPStan definition.
+	 *
+	 * @param list<ConstantIntegerType|ConstantStringType> $newKeyTypes
+	 * @param int[] $newOptionalKeys
+	 */
+	private static function isListAfterUnset(array $newKeyTypes, array $newOptionalKeys, TrinaryLogic $arrayIsList, bool $unsetOptionalKey): TrinaryLogic
+	{
+		if (!$unsetOptionalKey || $arrayIsList->no()) {
+			return TrinaryLogic::createNo();
+		}
+
+		$isListOnlyIfKeysAreOptional = false;
+		foreach ($newKeyTypes as $k2 => $newKeyType2) {
+			if (!$newKeyType2 instanceof ConstantIntegerType || $newKeyType2->getValue() !== $k2) {
+				// We found a non-optional key that implies that the array is never a list.
+				if (!in_array($k2, $newOptionalKeys, true)) {
+					return TrinaryLogic::createNo();
+				}
+
+				// The array can still be a list if all the following keys are also optional.
+				$isListOnlyIfKeysAreOptional = true;
+				continue;
+			}
+
+			if ($isListOnlyIfKeysAreOptional && !in_array($k2, $newOptionalKeys, true)) {
+				return TrinaryLogic::createNo();
+			}
+		}
+
+		return TrinaryLogic::createMaybe();
 	}
 
 	public function chunkArray(Type $lengthType, TrinaryLogic $preserveKeys): Type
diff --git a/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/nsrt/bug-14177.php b/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/nsrt/bug-14177.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1610725170
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/nsrt/bug-14177.php
@@ -0,0 +1,203 @@
+<?php declare(strict_types = 1);
+
+namespace Bug14177Nsrt;
+
+use function PHPStan\Testing\assertType;
+
+class HelloWorld
+{
+	/**
+	 * @param list{0: string, 1: string, 2?: string, 3?: string} $b
+	 */
+	public function testList(array $b): void
+	{
+		if (array_key_exists(3, $b)) {
+			assertType('list{0: string, 1: string, 2?: string, 3: string}', $b);
+		} else {
+			assertType('list{0: string, 1: string, 2?: string}', $b);
+		}
+		assertType('list{0: string, 1: string, 2?: string, 3?: string}', $b);
+	}
+
+	public function placeholderToEditor(string $html): void
+	{
+		$result = preg_replace_callback(
+			'~\[image\\sid="(\\d+)"(?:\\shref="([^"]*)")?(?:\\sclass="([^"]*)")?\]~',
+			function (array $matches): string {
+				$id = (int) $matches[1];
+
+				assertType('list{0: non-falsy-string, 1: numeric-string, 2?: string, 3?: string}', $matches);
+
+				$replacement = sprintf(
+					'<img src="%s"%s/>',
+					$id,
+					array_key_exists(3, $matches) ? sprintf(' class="%s"', $matches[3]) : '',
+				);
+
+				assertType('list{0: non-falsy-string, 1: numeric-string, 2?: string, 3?: string}', $matches);
+
+				return array_key_exists(2, $matches) && $matches[2] !== ''
+					? sprintf('<a href="%s">%s</a>', $matches[2], $replacement)
+					: $replacement;
+			},
+			$html,
+		);
+	}
+
+	public function placeholderToEditor2(string $html): void
+	{
+		$result = preg_replace_callback(
+			'~\[image\\sid="(\\d+)?"(?:\\shref="([^"]*)")?(?:\\sclass="([^"]*)")?\]~',
+			function (array $matches): string {
+				$id = (int) $matches[0];
+
+				assertType('list{0: non-falsy-string, 1?: \'\'|numeric-string, 2?: string, 3?: string}', $matches);
+
+				$replacement = sprintf(
+					'<img src="%s"%s/>',
+					$id,
+					array_key_exists(2, $matches) ? sprintf(' class="%s"', $matches[2]) : '',
+				);
+
+				assertType('list{0: non-falsy-string, 1?: \'\'|numeric-string, 2?: string, 3?: string}', $matches);
+
+				return array_key_exists(1, $matches) && $matches[1] !== ''
+					? sprintf('<a href="%s">%s</a>', $matches[1], $replacement)
+					: $replacement;
+			},
+			$html,
+		);
+	}
+}
+
+class HelloWorld2
+{
+	/**
+	 * @param list{0: string, 1: string, 2?: string, 3?: string} $b
+	 */
+	public function testUnset0OnList(array $b): void
+	{
+		assertType('true', array_is_list($b));
+		unset($b[0]);
+		assertType('false', array_is_list($b));
+		$b[] = 'foo';
+		assertType('false', array_is_list($b));
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * @param list{0: string, 1: string, 2?: string, 3?: string} $b
+	 */
+	public function testUnset1OnList(array $b): void
+	{
+		assertType('true', array_is_list($b));
+		unset($b[1]);
+		assertType('false', array_is_list($b));
+		$b[] = 'foo';
+		assertType('false', array_is_list($b));
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * @param list{0: string, 1: string, 2?: string, 3?: string} $b
+	 */
+	public function testUnset2OnList(array $b): void
+	{
+		assertType('true', array_is_list($b));
+		unset($b[2]);
+		assertType('bool', array_is_list($b));
+		$b[] = 'foo';
+		assertType('bool', array_is_list($b));
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * @param list{0: string, 1: string, 2?: string, 3?: string} $b
+	 */
+	public function testUnset3OnList(array $b): void
+	{
+		assertType('true', array_is_list($b));
+		unset($b[3]);
+		assertType('bool', array_is_list($b));
+		$b[] = 'foo';
+		assertType('bool', array_is_list($b));
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * @param array{0: string, 1?: string, 2: string, 3?: string} $b
+	 */
+	public function testUnset0OnArray(array $b): void
+	{
+		assertType('bool', array_is_list($b));
+		unset($b[0]);
+		assertType('false', array_is_list($b));
+		$b[] = 'foo';
+		assertType('false', array_is_list($b));
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * @param array{0: string, 1?: string, 2: string, 3?: string} $b
+	 */
+	public function testUnset1OnArray(array $b): void
+	{
+		assertType('bool', array_is_list($b));
+		unset($b[1]);
+		assertType('false', array_is_list($b));
+		$b[] = 'foo';
+		assertType('false', array_is_list($b));
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * @param array{0: string, 1?: string, 2: string, 3?: string} $b
+	 */
+	public function testUnset2OnArray(array $b): void
+	{
+		assertType('bool', array_is_list($b));
+		unset($b[2]);
+		assertType('false', array_is_list($b));
+		$b[] = 'foo';
+		assertType('false', array_is_list($b));
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * @param array{0: string, 1?: string, 2: string, 3?: string} $b
+	 */
+	public function testUnset3OnArray(array $b): void
+	{
+		assertType('bool', array_is_list($b));
+		unset($b[3]);
+		assertType('bool', array_is_list($b));
+		$b[] = 'foo';
+		assertType('bool', array_is_list($b));
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * @param list{0: string, 1: string, 2?: string, 3?: string} $a
+	 * @param list{0: string, 1?: string, 2?: string, 3?: string} $b
+	 * @param list{0: string, 1?: string, 2?: string, 3: string} $c
+	 * @param 1|2 $int
+	 */
+	public function testUnsetNonConstant(array $a, array $b, array $c, int $int): void
+	{
+		assertType('true', array_is_list($a));
+		assertType('true', array_is_list($b));
+		assertType('true', array_is_list($c));
+		unset($a[$int]);
+		unset($b[$int]);
+		unset($c[$int]);
+		assertType('false', array_is_list($a));
+		assertType('bool', array_is_list($b));
+		assertType('bool', array_is_list($c));
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * @param list{0?: string, 1?: string, 2?: string, 3?: string} $a
+	 * @param list{0: string, 1?: string, 2?: string, 3?: string} $b
+	 */
+	public function testUnsetInt(array $a, array $b, array $c, int $int): void
+	{
+		assertType('true', array_is_list($a));
+		assertType('true', array_is_list($b));
+		unset($a[$int]);
+		unset($b[$int]);
+		assertType('bool', array_is_list($a));
+		assertType('false', array_is_list($b));
+	}
+}
diff --git a/tests/PHPStan/Rules/Comparison/ImpossibleCheckTypeFunctionCallRuleTest.php b/tests/PHPStan/Rules/Comparison/ImpossibleCheckTypeFunctionCallRuleTest.php
index b6f79eeeeb..580c6f466a 100644
--- a/tests/PHPStan/Rules/Comparison/ImpossibleCheckTypeFunctionCallRuleTest.php
+++ b/tests/PHPStan/Rules/Comparison/ImpossibleCheckTypeFunctionCallRuleTest.php
@@ -1145,4 +1145,10 @@ public function testPr4375(): void
 		$this->analyse([__DIR__ . '/data/pr-4375.php'], []);
 	}
 
+	public function testBug14177(): void
+	{
+		$this->treatPhpDocTypesAsCertain = true;
+		$this->analyse([__DIR__ . '/data/bug-14177.php'], []);
+	}
+
 }
diff --git a/tests/PHPStan/Rules/Comparison/data/bug-14177.php b/tests/PHPStan/Rules/Comparison/data/bug-14177.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9c45152e4e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/PHPStan/Rules/Comparison/data/bug-14177.php
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+<?php declare(strict_types = 1);
+
+namespace Bug14177;
+
+class HelloWorld
+{
+	public function placeholderToEditor(string $html): void
+	{
+		$result = preg_replace_callback(
+			'~\[image\\sid="(\\d+)"(?:\\shref="([^"]*)")?(?:\\sclass="([^"]*)")?]~',
+			function (array $matches): string {
+				$id = (int) $matches[1];
+
+				$replacement = sprintf(
+					'<img src="%s"%s/>',
+					$id,
+					array_key_exists(3, $matches) ? sprintf(' class="%s"', $matches[3]) : '',
+				);
+
+				return array_key_exists(2, $matches) && $matches[2] !== ''
+					? sprintf('<a href="%s">%s</a>', $matches[2], $replacement)
+					: $replacement;
+			},
+			$html,
+		);
+	}
+}