[Feature] Add ST_CoordDim and ST_Dimension geo functions

[batuhanYagmurr]

Add two new geo scalar functions:

• ST_CoordDim: Returns coordinate dimension of geometry (always 2 for 2D)
• ST_Dimension: Returns topological dimension (Point=0, Line=1, Polygon=2)

FE: Added expression classes, registered in BuiltinScalarFunctions, added visitor methods in ScalarFunctionVisitor.
BE: Added struct implementations and registered in functions_geo.cpp.

What problem does this PR solve?

Issue Number: close #48203

Problem Summary:

Release note

None

Check List (For Author)

• Test

  • Regression test
  • Unit Test
  • Manual test (add detailed scripts or steps below)
  • No need to test or manual test. Explain why:
    • This is a refactor/code format and no logic has been changed.
    • Previous test can cover this change.
    • No code files have been changed.
    • Other reason

• Behavior changed:

  • No.
  • Yes.

• Does this need documentation?

  • No.
  • Yes.

Check List (For Reviewer who merge this PR)

• Confirm the release note
• Confirm test cases
• Confirm document
• Add branch pick label

[hello-stephen]

Thank you for your contribution to Apache Doris.
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Please clearly describe your PR:

1. What problem was fixed (it's best to include specific error reporting information). How it was fixed.
2. Which behaviors were modified. What was the previous behavior, what is it now, why was it modified, and what possible impacts might there be.
3. What features were added. Why was this function added?
4. Which code was refactored and why was this part of the code refactored?
5. Which functions were optimized and what is the difference before and after the optimization?

[benvdh]

@batuhanYagmurr Thanks for adding these functions! I'm not a Doris developer, but out of curiosity had a look at your code.

I noticed the tests are still missing, so you might want to add those... See this PR for some examples of how they can be added...

[benvdh]

@zclllyybb in the original issue (#48203) you mention that PR's for new functions should automatically request your review, though I didn't see that happen with this PR... so do you think you could review this one?

[feiniaofeiafei]

run buildall

[benvdh]

@feiniaofeiafei I see some tests are failing, but the results cannot be viewed, at least not by me... so not sure if @batuhanYagmurr can see them too, to fix the issues (if they arose due to the code in this PR)... can you share with @batuhanYagmurr what the errors are that need to be worked on?

[zclllyybb]

@batuhanYagmurr the compilation failed because of fe checkstyle

[batuhanYagmurr]

@zclllyybb Fixed the FE checkstyle errors. Could you please review again?

[batuhanYagmurr]

Tests have been added to test_gis_function.groovy for both ST_CoordDim and ST_Dimension functions.
@zclllyybb review please.

[feiniaofeiafei]

run buildall

[benvdh]

@batuhanYagmurr The pipeline ran again, now I see some errors in the backend tests... I also see you can access the TeamCity server now (through the guest login), so you should be able to have a look at the build log yourself...

@feiniaofeiafei thx for running the builds... I see in my browser the connection to TeamCity lacks a TLS certificate, perhaps something to fix using something like Let's Encrypt or if it runs on kubernetes cert manager...?