[test] Bump flink cdc to 3.5.0 and split flink-1.x-others workflow jobs into jdk 8 & 11

[SML0127]

Purpose

Linked issue: close #6889

• Bump flink cdc version to 3.5.0 & java11 in e2e test pom.xml with java11 profiles. This prepares the module for future java11 e2e testing while maintaining current java8 build compatibility.
• Split flink 1.x-others workflow
  • build_test_jdk8: Runs on jdk 8. Tests flink core modules (1.16-1.20) excluding paimon-flink-cdc.
  • build_test_jdk11: Runs on jdk 11. Tests all modules (flink 1.16-1.20 + CDC) to validate integration with flink cdc 3.5.0.
• Keep e2e-tests-flink-1.x on jdk 8 (excluding CDC) to preserve end-to-end test coverage.

Tests

API and Format

Documentation

[JingsongLi]

Hi @SML0127
We have added too many tests, which can easily lead to unstable testing.
Perhaps we don't need to add tests for JDK 11, as Flink 1.x still primarily targets JDK 8.