Programming, Math, Science

This is a list of links to different freely available learning resources about computer programming, math, and science.

Table of contents

• AI
  • Machine Learning
    • Large Language Models
    • Machine Learning Online Courses
    • Mathematics for Machine Learning
    • Reinforcement learning
  • Computer Games AI
  • Vibe Coding and Spec-Driven Development
• Algorithms
  • Bloom Filters
  • Date-time
  • Diff Algorithms
• Art
• Biology
• Command Line and Tools
  • Curl
  • Linux command line
  • Nix
• Competitions and Interview Preparation Websites
  • Math
    • Preparation Resources
  • Physics
  • Programming
    • Preparation Resources
• Compilers and Interpreters
  • Static Program Analysis
• Computer Graphics
  • Creative Coding
  • Curves and Surfaces
  • DirectX 12
  • Image Processing
    • Dithering
  • Metal
  • OpenGL
  • Ray Tracing
  • Shaders
  • Vulkan
  • WebGPU
• Computer Networks and Network Programming
• Cryptography
• Data Science
• Debuggers
• Databases
  • Databases Development
  • NoSQL
  • SQL
    • MySQL
    • PostgreSQL
    • Oracle
• Demoscene
• Design Patterns
• DevOps
• Digital Signal Processing
• Distributed Systems
• Electronics
• Emulators and Virtual Machines
• Game Programming
  • Game Engines
  • Game Physics
• General Programming
  • Lists of programming projects to try to implement
• Geographic Information Systems
• GUI Programming
• Hardware
• Information Theory
• IQ Tests
• Logical Games
• Low Level Stuff
  • GPU and TPU programming
  • SIMD programming
• Math
  • Algebra
    • Linear Algebra
  • Analysis
  • Calculus
    • Vector Calculus
  • Category Theory
  • Differential Equations
  • Game Theory
  • General problem solving
  • Geometry
    • Differential Geometry
  • Combinatorics
    • Graph Theory
  • High School Math
  • Mathematical Finance
  • Mathematical Logic
  • Measure Theory
  • Number Theory
  • Numerical Analysis
  • Operations Research
  • Probability and Statistics
  • Proofs
  • Theoretical Computer Science
  • Topology*
• Multithreading and Concurrency
• Music Theory
• Operating Systems
  • Operating Systems Development
• Photography
• Physics
• Programming Languages
  • Ada
  • Assembly
  • Bash
  • Basic
  • C
  • C#
  • C++
  • CMake
  • Cuda
  • D
  • Datalog
  • Erlang
  • Forth
  • Go
    • Network programming in Go
  • Haskell
  • Jai
  • Java
  • JavaScript
  • Lean
  • Lisp dialects
    • Clojure
    • Common Lisp
    • Racket
    • Scheme
  • Nim
  • OCaml
  • Oberon-2
  • Odin
  • Pascal
  • PostScript
  • Prolog
  • Pyret
  • Python
  • R
  • Regular expressions
  • Ruby
  • Rust
  • Smalltalk
  • Ya
  • Zig
• Retrocomputing
  • Advent of Code on retro machines
  • Apple II
  • Commodore 64
  • CP/M
  • DOS
  • Game Boy
  • Mega 65
  • NES
  • ZX Spectrum and Z80 CPU
    • ZX Online Articles
• Reverse engineering
• Robotics
• System programming
• Technical Writing
• Testing
• Text editors
  • Emacs
  • Vim
• Unicode
• Version control tools
• Web programming
  • CSS
  • Django
  • HTML
• Personal Websites and Blogs
  • AI
  • C and C++
  • Game and Graphics Programming
  • Hardware Blogs
  • Math and Physics
  • Mixed Programming
  • Performance and Optimization
  • Web Development
• Other
• Other lists

AI

• Agentic Design Patterns by Antonio Gulli

• Maths, CS & AI Compendium by Henry Ndubuaku

• Paradigms of Artificial Intelligence Programming: Case Studies in Common Lisp by Peter Norvig

Machine Learning

• A Brief Introduction to Machine Learning for Engineers by Osvaldo Simeone

• A Brief Introduction to Neural Networks by David Kriesel

• A Comprehensive Guide to Machine Learning by Soroush Nasiriany, Garrett Thomas, William Wang, Alex Yang, Jennifer Listgarten, Anant Sahai [pdf]

• A Course in Machine Learning by Hal Daumé III

• A Gentle Introduction to Graph Neural Networks by Benjamin Sanchez-Lengeling, Emily Reif, Adam Pearce and Alexander B. Wiltschko

• Algorithmic Aspects of Machine Learning by Ankur Moitra [pdf]

• Algorithms for Artificial Intelligence by Robert J. Moss [dpf] [Stanford]

• Alice’s Adventures in a differentiable wonderland by Simone Scardapane

• aman.ai - The art of artificial intelligence one concept at a time by Aman Chadha

• An Illustrated Guide to Automatic Sparse Differentiation by Adrian Hill, Guillaume Dalle, and Alexis Montoison

• An Introduction to Statistical Learning by Gareth James, Daniela Witten, Trevor Hastie, Rob Tibshirani

• Applied Causal Inference Powered by ML and AI by Victor Chernozhukov, Christian Hansen, Nathan Kallus, Martin Spindler, and Vasilis Syrgkanis

• Applied Machine Learning for Tabular Data by Max Kuhn and Kjell Johnson

• Books by Andriy Burkov

  • The Hundred Page Machine Learning Book
  • The Hundred-Page Language Models Book
  • Machine Learning Engineering Book

• Computer Vision: Algorithms and Applications, 2nd Edition by Richard Szeliski

• Concise Machine Learning by Jonathan Richard Shewchuk [pdf]

• Crash Course in Deep Learning (for Computer Graphics) by Jakub Boksansky [alternative link]

• Data Science and Machine Learning: Mathematical and Statistical Methods by Dirk P. Kroese, Zdravko I. Botev, Thomas Taimre, Radislav Vaisman

• Data-Driven Science and Engineering: Machine Learning, Dynamical Systems, and Control by Steven L. Brunton and J. Nathan Kutz [pdf]

• Deep Learning by Ian Goodfellow, Yoshua Bengio and Aaron Courville

• Deep Learning by Subir Varma and Sanjiv Das

  • Version with Python and R

• Deep Learning Course by François Fleuret

• Deep Learning: Foundations and Concepts by Chris Bishop with Hugh Bishop

• Deep Learning: Foundations, Architectures, and Engineering Practice by Amer Hussein [pdf]

• Deep Learning Interviews by Shlomo Kashani and Amir Ivry

• Deep Learning on Graphs by Yao Ma and Jiliang Tang

• Deep Learning with Python, Second Edition by François Chollet [pdf]

• Dive into Deep Learning

• Dive into Deep Learning Compiler

• Dummy's Guide to Modern LLM Sampling

• Foundations of Computer Vision by Antonio Torralba, Phillip Isola, and William Freeman

• Foundations of Machine Learning by Mehryar Mohri, Afshin Rostamizadeh, and Ameet Talwalkar [MIT]

• GNN From Scratch by **

• Harvard's undergraduate course in Machine Learning by William J. Deuschle

• Introduction to Flow Matching and Diffusion Models by Peter Holderrieth and Ezra Erives

• Introduction to ggml by Xuan Son NGUYEN, Georgi Gerganov and slaren

• Introduction to Machine Learning by Alex Smola and S.V.N. Vishwanathan [pdf]

• Introduction to Machine Learning by Sanjeev Arora, Simon Park, Dennis Jacob and Danqi Chen [Princeton]

• Introduction to Machine Learning [pdf] [MIT]

• Introduction to Machine Learning Interviews by Chip Huyen

• Introduction to Machine Learning Systems by Vijay Janapa Reddi

• Learning Theory from First Principles by Francis Bach [pdf]

• Lecture Notes for Machine Learning and Data Science Courses Information School, University of Washington by Ott Toomet [pdf]

• Lecture Notes for Machine Learning Theory by Tengyu Ma [pdf]

• Machine Learning Engineering Open Book by Stas Bekman

• Machine Learning Lecture Notes by Andrew Ng and Tengyu Ma [pdf] [Stanford]

• Machine Learning Systems by Vijay Janapa Reddi

• Machine learning with neural networks by Bernard Mehling [pdf]

• Neural Networks and Deep Learning by Michael Nielsen

• Natural Language Processing by Sanjiv Ranjan Das

• Notes on AutoGrad by Anton Schreiner

• Patterns, Predictions, and Actions: A story about machine learning by Moritz Hardt and Benjamin Recht

• Physics-based Deep Learning by N. Thuerey, P. Holl, M. Mueller, P. Schnell, F. Trost, K. Um

• Probabilistic Artificial Intelligence by Andreas Krause, Jonas Hübotter

• Probabilistic Machine Learning: An Introduction by Kevin Patrick Murphy

• Probabilistic Machine Learning: Advanced Topics by Kevin Patrick Murphy

• Speech and Language Processing, 3rd edition by Daniel Jurafsky and James H. Martin

• Statistical Learning Theory by Percy Liang [pdf]

• The Elements of Differentiable Programming by Mathieu Blondel and Vincent Roulet

• The Elements of Statistical Learning by Trevor Hastie, Robert Tibshirani, and Jerome Friedman

• The Engineer's Guide To Deep Learning by Hironobu Suzuki

• The Little Book of Deep Learning by François Fleuret

• The Little Book of Generative AI Foundations: An Intuitive Mathematical Primer by Tianhua Chen

• The Most Important Machine Learning Equations: A Comprehensive Guide by Chizoba Obasi

• The Principles of Deep Learning Theory by Daniel A. Roberts, Sho Yaida, Boris Hanin

• The Principles of Diffusion Models: From Origins to Advances by Chieh-Hsin Lai, Yang Song, Dongjun Kim, Yuki Mitsufuji, Stefano Ermon

• Theory of Deep Learning by Zhao Song [pdf]

• Tutorial on Diffusion Models for Imaging and Vision by Stanley H. Chan

• Undergraduate Fundamentals of Machine Learning by William J. Deuschle

• Understanding Deep Learning by Simon J.D. Prince

• Understanding Machine Learning: From Theory to Algorithms by Shai Shalev-Shwartz and Shai Ben-David

Large Language Models

• A Visual Guide to Quantization: Demystifying the Compression of Large Language Models by Maarten Grootendorst

• Defeating Nondeterminism in LLM Inference by Horace He

• Foundations of Large Language Models by Tong Xiao and Jingbo Zhu

• How to Scale Your Model: A Systems View of LLMs on TPUs by Jacob Austin, Sholto Douglas, Roy Frostig, Anselm Levskaya, Charlie Chen, and Sharad Vikram

• How to run LLMs on PC at home using Llama.cpp by Tobias Mann

• Language Models Interview Handbook by Lamhot Siagian [pdf]

• LLM Inference Handbook

• Quantization from the ground up by Sam Rose

• The Big Book of Large Language Models by Damien Benveniste

Machine Learning Online Courses

• Google Machine Learning Education

• Neural Networks: Zero to Hero - A course by Andrej Karpathy

• Practical Deep Learning for Coders

Mathematics for Machine Learning

• Linear Algebra for Computer Vision, Robotics, and Machine Learning by Jean Gallier and Jocelyn Quaintance [pdf]

• Mathematical Analysis of Machine Learning Algorithms by Tong Zhang

• Mathematical Foundations of Machine Learning by Robert Nowak [pdf]

• Mathematical Introduction to Deep Learning: Methods, Implementations, and Theory by Arnulf Jentzen, Benno Kuckuck, Philippe von Wurstemberger

• Mathematics for Artificial Intelligence Lecure Notes by Gilles Blanchard [pdf]

• Mathematics for Machine Learning by Marc Peter Deisenroth, A. Aldo Faisal, and Cheng Soon Ong

• Mathematics for Machine Learning by Garrett Thomas [pdf]

• Mathematics for Inference and Machine Learning by Marc Deisenroth and Stefanos Zafeiriou [pdf]

• Mathematics of Machine Learning by Philippe Rigollet

• Mathematics of Machine Learning by Rajen D. Shah

• Mathematics of Neural Networks by Bart M.N. Smets

• Matrix Calculus (for Machine Learning and Beyond) by Paige Bright, Alan Edelman, and Steven G. Johnson

  • MIT course
  • GitHub repository

• Optimization for Data Science by Bernd Gartner, Niao He and Martin Jaggi [pdf]

• Pen and Paper Exercises in Machine Learning by Michael U. Gutmann

• The Matrix Calculus You Need For Deep Learning by Terence Parr and Jeremy Howard

Reinforcement learning

• A Little Bit of Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback by Nathan Lambert

• Deep Reinforcement Learning by Aske Plaat

• Deep Reinforcement Learning: Zero to Hero!

• Distributional Reinforcement Learning by Marc G. Bellemare, Will Dabney and Mark Rowland

• Mathematical Foundations of Reinforcement Learning by Shiyu Zhao

• Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning: Foundations and Modern Approaches by Stefano V. Albrecht, Filippos Christianos and Lukas Schäfer

• Reinforcement Learning: An Introduction, Second Edition by Richard S. Sutton and Andrew G. Barto

• Reinforcement Learning: An Overview by Kevin Murphy

Computer Games AI

• Artificial Intelligence and Games by Georgios N. Yannakakis and Julian Togelius

• Game AI Pro by Steve Rabin

• Programming Starcraft AI by Peter Kis

Vibe Coding and Spec-Driven Development

• AI-Assisted Coding: A Practical Guide for Software Engineers by Durgesh Rajubhai Pawar

• Basic Claude Code by Harper Reed

• Disciplined AI Software Development by Jay Baleine

• Diving Into Spec-Driven Development With GitHub Spec Kit by Den Delimarsky

• How I program with Agents by David Crawshaw

• How I program with LLMs by David Crawshaw

• How I Use Every Claude Code Feature by Shrivu Shankar

• My LLM codegen workflow atm by Harper Reed

• Spec-driven development with AI: Get started with a new open source toolkit by Den Delimarsky

• Vibe Coding Terminal Editor by Alex Kladov

Algorithms

• A First Course on Data Structures in Python by Donald R. Sheehy

• Advanced Algorithms by Anupam Gupta [pdf] [CMU]

• Advanced Algorithms by Mohsen Ghaffari [pdf] [ETH]

• Advanced Algorithms by Prof. Michel Goemans [MIT]

• Advanced Algorithm Design by Sanjeev Arora [Princeton] [Fall 2015]

• Advanced Algorithm Design by Pravesh Kothari and Christopher Musco [Princeton] [Fall 2018]

• Advanced Data Structures by Erik Demaine

• Algorithms by Jeff Erickson

• Algorithms by Sariel Har-Peled [pdf]

• Algorithms, 4th Edition by Robert Sedgewick and Kevin Wayne

• Algorithms and Data Structures by Kurt Mehlhorn and Peter Sanders [pdf]

• Algorithms Books by Mykel J. Kochenderfer

  • Algorithms for Optimization by Mykel J. Kochenderfer, and Tim A. Wheeler
  • Algorithms for Decision Making by Mykel J. Kochenderfer, Tim A. Wheeler, and Kyle H. Wray
  • Algorithms for Validation by Mykel J. Kochenderfer, Sydney M. Katz, Anthony L. Corso, and Robert J. Moss

• Algorithms Design (in C) by Paulo Feofiloff

• Algorithms for Inference by Prof. Devavrat Shah

• Algorithms for Massive Data by Nicola Prezza

• Algorithms for Modern Hardware by Sergey Slotin

• Algorithms in C by Robert Sedgewick [pdf]

• An Open Guide to Data Structures and Algorithms by Paul W. Bible and Lucas Moser

• Approximation Algorithms by Chandra Chekuri [pdf]

• Book of All-pairs Shortest Paths by Oleg Karasik

• Clever Algorithms: Nature-Inspired Programming Recipes by Jason Brownlee

• Collision Detection by Jeff Thompson

• Data Structure Visualizations by David Galles

• Data Structures & Algorithm Analysis by Clifford A. Shaffer

• Data Structures & Algorithms in C++, Second Edition by Michael T. Goodrich, Roberto Tamassia, and David M. Mount [pdf]

• Data Structures for Data-Intensive Applications: Tradeoffs and Design Guidelines by Manos Athanassoulis , Stratos Idreos and Dennis Shasha [pdf]

• Design and Analysis of Algorithms by Nima Anari and Moses Charikar

• Essential Coding Theory by Venkatesan Guruswami, Atri Rudra, and Madhu Sudan

• Exact String Matching Algorithms by Christian Charras and Thierry Lecroq

• Foundations of Data Science by Avrim Blum, John Hopcroft, and Ravindran Kannan [pdf]

• Functional Data Structures and Algorithms: A Proof Assistant Approach by Tobias Nipkow, Jasmin Blanchette, Manuel Eberl, Alejandro Gómez-Londoño, Peter Lammich, Christian Sternagel, Simon Wimmer, Bohua Zhan

• Hello Algo

• How does B-tree make your queries fast? by Mateusz Kuźmik

• Introduction to Algorithms: A Creative Approach by Udi Manber [pdf]

• Introduction to Multi-Armed Bandits by Aleksandrs Slivkins

• Introduction to Parallel Algorithms by Guy E. Blelloch, Laxman Dhulipala, and Yihan Sun [pdf]

• Kalman Filter from the Ground Up by Alex Becker

• Lecture Notes on Quantum Algorithms by Andrew M. Childs [pdf]

• Let's build a Full-Text Search engine by Artem Krylysov

• Matters Computational: Ideas, Algorithms, Source Code by Jörg Arndt [pdf]

• Monte-Carlo Graph Search from First Principles by David J Wu

• Notes on Algorithms by James Aspnes

• Notes on Data Structures and Programming Techniques by James Aspnes

• Notes on Randomized Algorithms by James Aspnes [pdf]

• Open Data Structures by Pat Morin

• Planning Algorithms by Steven M. LaValle

• Principles of Algorithmic Problem Solving by Johan Sannemo

• Problem Solving with Algorithms and Data Structures using Python by Brad Miller and David Ranum

• Purely Functional Data Structures by Chris Okasaki [pdf]

• Sequential and Parallel Data Structures and Algorithms: The Basic Toolbox by Peter Sanders, Kurt Mehlhorn, Martin Dietzfelbinger, and Roman Dementiev

• The Arcane Algorithm Archive

• The Little Book of algorithms by Duc-Tam Nguyen

• The Skyline algorithm for packing 2D rectangles by Julien Vernay

• Think Data Structures by Allen B. Downey

• Tim Roughgarden's Courses and Lecture Notes

  • Algorithmic Game Theory

Bloom Filters

• Bloom Filters by Eli Bendersky

• Bloom Filters by Example

• Let's implement a Bloom Filter by Onat Yiğit Mercan

Date-time

• A Very Fast 64–Bit Date Algorithm by Ben Joffe

Diff Algorithms

• Building Git by James Coglan

  • The Myers diff algorithm
    • Part 1
    • Part 2
    • Part 3
  • Myers diff in linear space
    • Part 1: Theory
    • Part 2: Implementation
  • Merging with diff3
  • Why merges fail and what can be done about it
  • The patience diff algorithm
  • Implementing patience diff

• Diff Algorithms

• Myers Diff Algorithm - Code & Interactive Visualization by Robert Elder

Art

• Pixel art articles and tutorials by Pedro Medeiros

Biology

• Introduction to Genomics for Engineers

• The Algorithmic Beauty of Plants by Przemyslaw Prusinkiewicz and Aristid Lindenmayer [pdf]

Command Line and Tools

• Command Line Handbook by Petr Stribny

• Driving Compilers by Fabien Sanglard

• Getting started with tmux by ittavern

• How I'm still not using GUIs: A guide to the terminal by Lucas Fernandes da Costa

• How is a binary executable organized? Let's explore it! by Julia Evans

• Learn Makefiles: With the tastiest examples by Chase LambertS

• rsync: Series by Michael Stapelberg

• Terminal colours are tricky by Julia Evans

• The Definitive Guide To Docker

• Use Midnight Commander like a pro by Igor Klimer

• Write a Shell in C by Stephen Brennan

• Writing Programs with NCURSES by Eric S. Raymond and Zeyd M. Ben-Halim

• Writing Your Own Simple Tab-Completions for Bash and Zsh by Li Haoyi

Curl

• Curl Cookbook

• Curl Exercises by Julia Evans

• Mastering curl: interactive text guide by Anton Zhiyanov

Linux command line

• Effective Shell by Dave Kerr

• GameShell: a "game" to teach the Unix shell by Pierre Hyvernat

• Linux command line for you and me by Kushal Das

• The Linux Command Handbook by Flavio Copes

• The Linux Command Line by William Shotts

• Linux Commands Cheat Sheet

Nix

• NixOS & Flakes Book - An unofficial book for beginners by Ryan Yin

• Wombat’s Book of Nix by Amy de Buitléir

Competitions and Interview Preparation Websites

Math

• Erdős

• Erdős Problems

• International Mathematical Olympiad

Preparation Resources

• Easy Putnam Problems [pdf]

• Mathematical Problem Solving by Darij Grinberg

• My Putnam Problems by Avinash Sathaye [pdf]

• Putnam Training Problems [pdf]

• Virginia Tech Regional Mathematics Contest Problems [pdf]

  • Virginia Tech Regional Mathematics Contest Problems Solutions [pdf]

Physics

• International Physics Olympiad

Programming

• Advent of Code - An Advent calendar of small programming puzzles by Eric Wastl

• Code Golf - A site for recreational programming competitions.

• CodeAbbey

• CodeChef

• CodeForces

• Coderbyte

• Codewars

• Codility

• CodingBat - A free site of live coding problems to build coding skill in Java and Python.

• CodinGame

• Daily Programmer

• Edabit

• Exercism

• Hacker Earth

• HackerRank

• International Collegiate Programming Contest

• International Olympiad in Informatics

• Kaggle - ML specific.

• LabEx - Learn Linux, DevOps & Cybersecurity with Hands-on Labs.

• Learn OCaml

• LeetCode

• NeetCode

• Project Euler

• Rosalind - A platform for learning bioinformatics through problem solving.

• Skilled.dev

• Sphere Online Judge

• SQLPad

• takeUforward

• Top Coder

Preparation Resources

• Algorithms for Competitive Programming

• Competitive Programmer's Handbook by Antti Laaksonen

• Competetive Programming by Steven Halim [pdf]

• Competitive Programming in Python: 128 Algorithms to Develop your Coding Skills by Christoph Dürr and Jill-Jênn Vie

Compilers and Interpreters

• A Compiler Writing Journey by Warren

• A practical introduction to parsing by Jan Procházka

• Advanced Compilers: The Self-Guided Online Course by Adrian Sampson

• Build Your Own Lisp by Daniel Holden

• Building a Toy Programming Language in Python by Miguel Grinberg

  • Part 1
  • Part 2

• Building the fastest Lua interpreter.. automatically! by Haoran Xu

  • Part 1
  • Part 2: Building a baseline JIT for Lua automatically

• Compiler Design in C by Allen I. Holub

• Compiling to Assembly from Scratch by Vladimir Keleshev

• Crafting Interpreters by Robert Nystrom

• Creating the Bolt Compiler by Mukul Rathi

• Essentials of Compilation: An Incremental Approach by Geremy G. Siek

• Graal Truffle tutorial by Adam Ruka

• How Clang Compiles a Function by John Regehr

• How LLVM Optimizes a Function by John Regehr

• Introduction to Compilers by Andrew Myers

• Introduction to Compilers and Language Design by Prof. Douglas Thain

• Introduction to parser combinators by James Coglan

  • Part 1
  • Part 2: Precedence and associativity in recursive descent
  • Part 3: Packrat parsing: a top-down performance improvement

• Let's Build a Compiler by Jack Crenshaw

• Let's make a Teeny Tiny compiler by Austin Z. Henley

  • Part 1
  • Part 2
  • Part 3

• Let's Write a Compiler by Brian Robert Callahan

  • Part 1: Introduction, selecting a language, and doing some planning
  • Part 2: A lexer
  • Part 3: A parser
  • Part 4: Testing
  • Part 5: A code generator
  • Part 6: Input and output
  • Part 7: Arrays
  • Part 8: Strings, forward references, and conclusion

• Low-Level Software Security for Compiler Developers by Bill Wendling, Lucian Popescu, and Anders Waldenborg

• Make A Language - A series about making a programming language called Eldiro using the Rust programming language.

• Strategies for very fast Lexers

• Threaded code

• Writing a C compiler in 500 lines of Python by Theia Vogel

• Writing a C Compiler, in Zig by Rahman Sibahi

Static Program Analysis

• Principles of Program Analysis by Flemming Nielson, Hanne Riis Nielson, and Chris Hankin

• Secure Programming with Static Analysis by Brian Chess and Jacob West

• Static Program Analysis by Anders Møller and Michael I. Schwartzbach

Computer Graphics

• 3D Math Primer for Graphics and Game Development by Fletcher Dunn and Ian Parberry

• A fast and precise triangle rasterizer by Kristoffer Dyrkorn

• A trip through the Graphics Pipeline by Fabian Giesen

• A Quick Introduction to Workgraphs by Kostas Anagnostou

  • Part 1
  • Part 2: Performance

• Blocky Planet — Making Minecraft Spherical

• Building Real-Time Global Illumination by Jason McGhee

  • Part 1: Naive GI: A Foundation
  • Part 2: Radiance Cascades

• Collection of AMD Research Publications

• Computer Graphics from Scratch by Gabriel Gambetta

• Crash Course in BRDF Implementation by Jakub Boksansky

• FrostKiwi's Secrets by Wladislav Artsimovich

  • AAA - Analytical Anti-Aliasing
  • How to (and how not to) fix color banding
  • How video games use LUTs and how you can too
  • Video Game Blurs (and how the best one works)

• Fundamentals of Radiance Cascades

• Introduction to Computer Graphics by David J. Eck

• Noise is Beautiful: Part 1: Procedural textures by Stefan Gustavson [pdf]

• Noise is Beautiful by Stefan Gustavson

  • Part 1: Procedural textures [pdf]
  • Part 2: Noise is beautiful [pdf]

• Radiometry: Overview by Christoph Peters

• Rotations with quaternions

• GPU Gems Books Series

  • GPU Gems
  • GPU Gems 2
  • GPU Gems 3

• GPU Performance for Game Artists by Keith O’Conor

• GPU Programming Primitives for Computer Graphics by Daniel Meister, Atsushi Yoshimura, and Chih-Chen Kao

• Implementing a tiny CPU rasterizer by Nikita Lisitsa

• Implementing Order-Independent Transparency by Rubén Osorio López

• Learn Computer Graphics From Scratch

• Let's Make a Voxel Engine

• Lode's Computer Graphics Tutorial by Lode Vandevenne

• Marching Cubes, Explained Using Marching Squares

• Matrix Compendium by Łukasz Izdebski - The main purpose of this article is to gather information in the field of transformation in computer graphics and put it in one place.

• Ocean Rendering, Part 1 - Simulation by Robert Ryan

• Optimizing Software Occlusion Culling by Fabian Giesen

• Order Independent Transparency by Kostas Anagnostou

  • Rasterized
    • Part 1
    • Part 2
    • Part 3
  • Raytraced
    • Part 1
    • Part 2

• Physically Based Rendering in Filament by Romain Guy and Mathias Agopian

• Physically based rendering from first principles

• Physically Based Shading in Theory and Practice by Laurent Belcour, Naty Hoffman, Alain Hostettler, Peter Kutz, Kentaro Suzuki, Hajime Uchimura, Andrea Weidlich, *Kenichiro Yasutomi *

• Probability Theory for Physically Based Rendering by Jacco Bikker

  • Part 1
  • Part 2

• Rasterising a triangle by Jason Tsorlinis

• RasterTek toturials

• Recreating Nanite by Xavier Niochaut

  • Part 1 - The Plan
  • Part 2 - Visibility buffer
  • Part 3 - Cluster rendering
  • Part 4 - LOD generation
  • Part 5 - A basic material pass
  • Part 6 - LOD generation - faster, better, simpler
  • Part 7 - Runtime LOD selection
  • Part 8 - Mesh shader time
  • Part 9 - Raytracing

• Software rasterizing hair by Marcin Matuszczyk

• Texture-less Text Rendering by Tim Gfrerer

• The Geometry Behind Normal Maps by Shlomi Nissan

• Voxel Engine in a Weekend

• WebGL2 Fundamentals

Creative Coding

• Creative Coding Tutorials and Articles by Etienne Jacob

• Inigo Quilez Website

• Paul Bourke's Website

Curves and Surfaces

• A Primer on Bézier Curves

• Cubic spline interpolation by Eli Bendersky

• Curves and Surfaces by Bartosz Ciechanowski

DirectX 12

• A Gentle Introduction to D3D12 by Alex Tardif

• All Sources of DirectX 12 Documentation by Adam Sawicki

• Compute with DirectX 12 by Stefan Pijnacker

  • Part 1: the Theory
  • Part 2: The Setup

• DirectX-Graphics-Samples

• Getting Started With DirectX Raytracing by Seppe Dekeyser

• GPU Work Graphs mesh nodes in Microsoft DirectX® 12 by Max Oberberger

• Ten Years of D3D12 by Matt Pettineo

Image Processing

Dithering

• Atkinson Dithering by John Earnest

• Dithering in Colour by Niklas Oberhuber

• Dithering on the GPU by Alex Charlton

• Ditherpunk — The article I wish I had about monochrome image dithering by Surma

• Image Dithering: Eleven Algorithms and Source Code by Tanner Helland

• Writing My Own Dithering Algorithm in Racket by Amanvir Parhar

Metal

• Drawing Graphics on Apple Vision with the Metal Rendering API by Georgi Nikolov

• Metal Tutorial by Will Martin

OpenGL

• A Guide to Modern OpenGL Functions

• Best Practices for Modern OpenGL

• Learn OpenGL by Joey de Vries

• Learning Modern 3D Graphics Programming by Jason L. McKesson

• OGLdev: Modern OpenGL tutorials by Etay Meiri

• OpenGL Tutorial

Ray Tracing

• A raycasting engine in 7 easy steps by Austin Z. Henley

• Amanatides and Woo's fast Voxel Traversal

• Demystifying multiple importance sampling by Nikita Lisitsa

• How to build a BVH by Jacco Bikker

• Introduction of the Raytracing Technology

  • Part 1
  • Part 2

• Physically Based Rendering: From Theory To Implementation by Matt Pharr, Wenzel Jakob, and Greg Humphreys

• Ray-Casting Tutorial For Game Development And Other Purposes by F. Permadi

• Ray Tracing Gems by Eric Haines and Tomas Akenine-Möller

• Ray Tracing Gems II by Adam Marrs, Peter Shirley, and Ingo Wald

• Ray Tracing in One Weekend: The Book Series by Peter Shirley

• Ray Tracing with Voxels in C++ by Jacco Bikker

• Raymarching explained interactively

Shaders

• 3D Game Shaders For Beginners

• A Beginner's Guide to Coding Graphics Shaders by Omar Shehata

  • Part 1
  • Part 2
  • Part 3

• A Journey Into Shaders by Antoine Mayerowitz

  • Part I: The blob

• GM Shaders - All about shaders for GameMaker!

• Introducing GPU Reshape - shader instrumentation for everyone by Miguel Petersen

• Introduction to Shaders by Karl Bittner

• Learn Shader Programming with Rick and Morty by Daniel Hooper

• Mesh Shaders on RDNA™ Graphics Cards by Max Oberberger, Bastian Kuth and Quirin Meyer

• No More Shading Languages: Compiling C++ to Vulkan Shaders by H. Devillers, M. Kurtenacker*, R. Membarth, S. Lemme, M. Kenzel3, Ö. Yazici1, and P. Slusallek [pdf]

• On Crafting Painterly Shaders

• Post-Processing Shaders as a Creative Medium

• Shaders For People Who Don't Know How To Shader by Manuela Malasaña

• Shader Tutorials by Ronja

• The Best Darn Grid Shader (Yet) by Ben Golus

• The Book of Shaders by Patricio Gonzalez Vivo and Jen Lowe

Vulkan

• A Vulkan introduction by Nikos Papadopoulos

• I Am Graphics And So Can You - a series of blog posts about implementing a Vulkan renderer for Doom 3 by Dustin H. Land

• How I learned Vulkan and wrote a small game engine with it by Elias Daler

• NVIDIA Vulkan Ray Tracing Tutorial by Martin-Karl Lefrançois, Pascal Gautron, Nia Bickford, David Akeley

• Vulkan – Cross platform 3D Graphics

• Vulkan Guide

• Vulkan Raytracing Tutorials

• Vulkan Tutorial by Alexander Overvoorde

• Vulkan Tutorial (Rust) by Kyle Mayes

WebGPU

• Learn WebGPU by Elie Michel

• Learn Wgpu by Ben Hansen

• Migrating from WebGL to WebGPU by Dmitrii Ivashchenko

• WebGPU Fundamentals

• WebGPU Unleashed: A Practical Tutorial by Shi Yan

• Your first WebGPU app by Brandon Jones and François Beaufort

Computer Networks and Network Programming

• A comprehensive guide for Linux Network (Socket) programming

• An Introduction to Computer Networks by Peter L. Dordal

• Computer Networks: A Systems Approach by Larry Peterson and Bruce Davie

• Concurrent Servers by Eli Bendersky

  • Part 1 - Introduction
  • Part 2 - Threads
  • Part 3 - Event-driven
  • Part 4 - libuv
  • Part 5 - Redis case study
  • Part 6 - Callbacks, Promises and async/await

• HTTP2 Explained by Daniel Stenberg

• HTTP/3 explained by Daniel Stenberg

• Implementing fast TCP fingerprinting with eBPF by Alberto Ventafridda

• Implementing TCP In Rust by Ghvst Code

• Let's code a TCP/IP stack by Sami Niiranen

  • Part 1: Ethernet & ARP
  • Part 2: IPv4 & ICMPv4
  • Part 3: TCP Basics & Handshake
  • Part 4: TCP Data Flow & Socket API
  • Part 5: TCP Retransmission

• Mediocre Engineer’s guide to HTTPS by Devon Peroutky

• MQTT broker from scratch by Andrea Baldan

  • Part 1: The protocol
  • Part 2: Networking
  • Part 3: Server
  • Part 4: Data structures
  • Part 5: Topic abstraction
  • Part 6: Handlers
  • Part 7: Refactoring & eventloop

• Networking 101 by Internal Pointers

• Serving files over HTTP three ways: synchronous, epoll, and io_uring by Phil Eaton

• Topics in High-Performance Messaging by Robert A. Van Valzah, Todd L. Montgomery, and Eric Bowden

• Visual guide to SSH tunneling and port forwarding

Cryptography

• A Graduate Course in Applied Cryptography by Dan Boneh and Victor Shoup

• Advanced Topics in Cryptography: From Lattices to Program Obfuscation by Vinod Vaikuntanathan

• All I Know About Certificates by Ke Pi

• An Intensive Introduction to Cryptography by Boaz Barak

• Coding Theory & Cryptography by John C. Bowman [pdf]

• Cryptography: An Introduction (3rd Edition) by Nigel Smart [pdf]

• Practical Cryptography for Developers by Svetlin Nakov

• The Beginner's Textbook for Fully Homomorphic Encryption by Ronny Ko

Data Science

• Advanced Data Science: Statistics and Prediction Algorithms Through Case Studies by Rafael A. Irizarry

• Data Science at the Command Line by Jeroen Janssens

• Data Science: Theories, Models, Algorithms, and Analytics by Sanjiv Ranjan Das

  • pdf
  • Data for the book's examples
  • Version with Python and R

• Fundamentals of Data Visualization by Claus O. Wilke

• Hands-On Data Visualization by Jack Dougherty and Ilya Ilyankou

• Introduction to Data Science: Data Wrangling and Visualization with R by Rafael A. Irizarry

• Mathematical Methods in Data Science (with Python) by Sebastien Roch

• Mining of Massive Datasets by Jure Leskovec, Anand Rajaraman, and Jeff Ullman

• Mining Social Media by Lam Thuy Vo

• Topics in Mathematics of Data Science by Dr. Afonso Bandeira

• Towards Data Science - The world’s leading publication for data science, AI, and ML professionals.

Debuggers

• A Field Guide to Bugs by Stephen Diehl

• Debugging with GDB

• How Does a C Debugger Work? by Kevin Pouget

• Writing a Linux Debugger by Sy Brand

• Writing a Debugger From Scratch by Tim Misiak

  • Part 1 - Attaching to a Process
  • Part 2 - Register State and Stepping
  • Part 3 - Reading Memory
  • Part 4 - Exports and Private Symbols
  • Part 5 - Breakpoints
  • Part 6 - Stacks
  • Part 7 - Disassembly
  • Part 8 - Source and Symbols

Databases

• Database Design for Google Calendar: a tutorial by Alexey Makhotkin

• Database Fundamentals by Tony Solomonik

• The Theory of Relational Databases by David Maier

Databases Development

• B-trees and database indexes by Benjamin Dicken

• Build Your Own Database From Scratch in Go by James Smith

• Build your own SQLite by Geoffrey Copin

  • Part 1: Listing tables
  • Part 2: Scanning large tables
  • Part 3: SQL parsing 101
  • Part 4: reading tables metadata
  • Part 5: Evaluating queries

• Build Your Own Redis with C/C++ by James Smith

• Concurrency Control and Recovery in Database Systems by Philip A. Bernstein, Vassos Hadzilacos, Nathan Goodman

• How Does a Database Work? by Connor Stack

• Jacob's blog: On database building blocks by Sherin Jacob

  • A B+Tree Node Underflows: Merge or Borrow?
  • Cache-Friendly B+Tree Nodes With Dynamic Fanout

• Let's Build a Simple Database by Connor Stack

NoSQL

• MongoDB Tutorial

SQL

• Mode's SQL Tutorial

• SQL Tutorial - Master SQL quickly and effectively with clear concepts, hands-on examples, and interactive quizzes.

• SQL for the Weary by Greg Wilson

• SQLBolt - Learn SQL with simple, interactive exercises.

• SQLZap - Learn SQL with for Free.

• SQLZoo - SQL Tutorial.

MySQL

• MySQL for Developers by Aaron Francis

• MySQL Tutorial

PostgreSQL

• PostgreSQL 14 Internals by Egor Rogov

• PostgreSQL Tutorial

• The Internals of PostgreSQL by Hironobu Suzuki

Oracle

• Oracle Tutorial

Demoscene

• Graphics Tricks from Boomers - Technical details about a 4096 bytes Atari-STE intro, by Arnaud Carré.

• How a 64k intro is made by Pekka Väänänen

• The making of Immersion

  • Part 1: A dive into the making of Immersion
  • Part 2: Texturing in a 64kB intro
  • Part 3: Procedural 3D mesh generation in a 64kB intro

Design Patterns

• Building abstractions using higher-order functions by Eli Benderski

• Data Engineering Design Patterns (DEDP)

• Data-Oriented Design by Richard Fabian

• Design Patterns & Refactoring SourceMaking

• Design Patterns in Python blog posts series by Racey Chan

  • Decorators and Functional programming
  • Design Patterns You Should Unlearn in Python: Part1
  • Design Patterns You Should Unlearn in Python: Part2
  • Most Design Patterns Are Just Dependency Injection in Disguise

• Discovering observers by Sandor Dargo

  • Part 1
  • Part 2
  • Part 3

• The expression problem and Rust by Alisa Sireneva

• From design patterns to category theory by Mark Seemann

• Game Programming Patterns by Robert Nystrom

• Handles are the better pointers by Andre Weissflog

• Indices, not Pointers by Joe Mckay

• Multiple Dispatch Series by Eli Bendersky

• Plugins Series by Eli Bendersky

• The Architecture of Open Source Applications

DevOps

• DevOps with Docker: Containers for Beginners

• DevOps with Kubernetes: A not-so-gentle introduction to cloud-native container orchestration

• devopscube

Digital Signal Processing

• Digital Signals Theory by Brian McFee

• Online Textbooks and Course Materials by Julius Orion Smith III

  • AI Audio Signal Processing Reading List
  • Audio Signal Processing in FAUST
  • Intoroduction to Digital Filters by Julious O. Smith III*
  • Mathematics Of The Discrete Fourier Transform (Dft), Second Edition
  • Physical Audio Signal Processing
  • Spectral Audio Signal Processing

• PySDR: A Guide to SDR and DSP using Python by Dr. Marc Lichtman

• Software-Defined Radio for Engineers by Travis F. Collins, Robin Getz, Di Pu, and Alexander M. Wyglinski [pdf]

• The Scientist and Engineer's Guide to Digital Signal Processing by Steven W. Smith, Ph.D.

Distributed systems

• Distributed Systems by Dr. Martin Kleppmann [pdf]

• Distributed systems for fun and profit by Mikito Takada

• Implementing Raft by Eli Bendersky

• Implementing the Raft distributed consensus protocol in Go by Phil Eaton

• Linearizability in distributed systems by Eli Bendersky

• Notes on Theory of Distributed Systems by James Aspnes [pdf]

• Patterns of Distributed Systems by Unmesh Joshi

• Principles of Blockchains by Prof. Pramod Viswanath [Princeton]

• Rewriting Kafka in Rust Async: Insights and Lessons Learned in Rust by Rex Wang

• Testing Distributed Systems - Curated list of resources on testing distributed systems by Andrey Satarin.

Electronics

• ANALOG SEEKrets: DC to daylight … a master class in electronics design by Leslie Green [pdf]

• Lessons in Electric Circuits

• Ultimate Electronics

Emulators and Virtual Machines

• 5 Days To Virtualization: A Series On Hypervisor Development by Daax Rynd, Aidan Khoury and Nick Peterson

• [Emulators writing tutorials] by Alexander Dickson

  • JavaScript Chip-8 Emulator
  • Write a NES Emulator with JavaScript
    • Part 1
    • Part 2

• GameBoy Emulation in JavaScript by Imran Nazar

• Hypervisor in 1,000 Lines by Seiya Nuta

• Roll your own JavaScript runtime by Bartek Iwańczuk

  • Part 1
  • Part 2
  • Part 3

• Write your Own Virtual Machine by Justin Meiners and Ryan Pendleton

• Writing NES emulator in Rust by Rafael Bagmanov

Game Programming

• 2D Game Development: From Zero To Hero by Daniele Penazzo

• 3D Game Engine Programming by Jeremiah van Oosten

• CSCI 181G PO: Game Engine Programming Course

• Game Frame Breakdown Articles collection by Nikolaos Papadopoulos

• Game Engineering by David Galles

• How to program a text adventure in C by Ruud Helderman

• Isometric Projection in Game Development by Gustavo Pezzi

• Isometric Tutorials by Clint Bellanger

• Procedural Content Generation in Games by Noor Shaker, Julian Togelius, and Mark J. Nelson

• Procedural Island Generation by Chema Guerra

  • Part 1
  • Part 2
  • Part 3
  • Part 4
  • Part 5
  • Part 6

• Programming Vehicles in Games by Wassim Alhajomar

• Retro Rampage - A tutorial series in which you will learn how to build a Wolfenstein-like game from scratch, in Swift by Nick Lockwood

• Roguelike Tutorial - In Rust by Herbert Wolverson

• Terrain programmig by Shamus Young

• The guide to implementing 2D platformers by Rodrigo Monteiro

• Scroll Back: The Theory and Practice of C`ameras in Side-Scrollers by Itay Keren

• A First-Person Game in 2KB by Grant Handy

Game Engines

• Bevy game development by Nolan Tait

• C# and Shader Tutorials for the Unity Engine by Jasper Flick

• Godot Engine 4 Tutorials by Jasper Flick

• Unofficial Bevy Cheat Book

Game Physics

• 2D Cloth Simulation in Odin with raylib by Marian Pekár

• Gentle Introduction to Realtime Fluid Simulation for Programmers and Technical Artists by Shahriar Shahrabi

• iforce2d - A collection of programming resources, mainly focusing on 2D games development with Box2D.

• Simulating Fluids, Fire, and Smoke in Real-Time by Andrew Chan

• Ten Minute Physics by Matthias Müller

General Programming

• freeCodeCamp

• Geeks for Geeks

• Programiz

• Tutorials Point

• W3 Schools

Lists of programming projects to try to implement

• Austin Z. Henley's Lists

  • Challenging algorithms and data structures every programmer should try
  • Challenging projects every programmer should try
  • More challenging projects every programmer should try

• Writing Toy Software Is A Joy: Why you should write more toy programs by Joshua Barretto

Geographic Information Systems

• Building Vector Tiles from scratch by Andre Debuisne

• Computational Modelling of Terrains by Hugo Ledoux, Ken Arroyo Ohori, Ravi Peters, and Maarten Pronk

• Introduction to Python for Geographic Data Analysis by Henrikki Tenkanen, Vuokko Heikinheimo, and David Whipp

GUI Programming

• A Book about Qt5 by Jürgen Bocklage-Ryannel and Johan Thelin

• Cross-platform window in C

• James Brown's Tutorials

• Minimal Cross-Platform Graphics by Serge Zaitsev

• Sol on Immediate Mode GUIs by Jari Komppa

• theForger's Win32 API Programming Tutorial

• X Window System Basics by Jasper St. Pierre

Hardware

• Architecture of Consoles by Rodrigo Copetti

• Computer Architecture, Fifth Edition: A Quantitative Approach by John L. Hennessy and David A Patterson

• How Microchips Work

• Modern Microprocessors: A 90-Minute Guide! by Jason Robert Carey Patterson

• Processor Design: An Introduction

• Simple CPU design

• What Every Programmer Should Know About Memory by Ulrich Drepper [pdf]

• Zen, CUDA, and Tensor Cores by Casey Muratori

Information Theory

• Information and Entropy by Prof. Paul Penfield and Prof. Seth Lloyd

• Information Theory, Inference, and Learning Algorithms by David MacKay

• Statistics and Information Theory by John Duchi [pdf]

IQ Tests

• Cognitive Ability Test by University of Cambridge

• IQ Test made by Mensa Norway

Logical Games

• Hex: A Strategy Guide by Matthew Seymour

• Learn to Play Go

• The World's Fastest Scrabble Program by Andrew W. Appel and Guy J. Jacobson [pdf]

Low Level Stuff

• A gentle introduction to two's complement by Michael Doornbos

• Beginner's Guide to Linkers by David Drysdale

• Computer Science from the Bottom Up by Ian Wienand

• CPU performance optimization guide - Preface by Hui Zhang

  • Part 1

• Floating Point Visually Explained by Fabien Sanglard

• Group Borrowing: Zero-Cost Memory Safety with Fewer Restrictions by Evan Ovadia

• How To Write Shared Libraries by Ulrich Drepper [pdf]

• It's OK to compare floating-points for equality by Nikita Lisitsa

• Memory Management Reference

• Memory Profiling by Denis Bakhvalov

• Onboarding floating-point by Mike Acton

• Performance Analysis and Tunning on Modern CPUs by Denis Bakhvalov

• Pointer Tagging in C++: The Art of Packing Bits Into a Pointer by Caden Parker

• Stack frame layout on x86-64 by Eli Bendersky

• Static Machine Code Analysis by Frank Tetzel

• Understanding Memory Management by Eric Rescorla

  • Part 1: C
  • Part 2: C++ and RAII
  • Part 3: C++ Smart Pointers
  • Part 4: Rust Ownership and Borrowing
  • Part 5: Fighting with Rust
  • Part 6: Basic Garbage Collection
  • Part 7: Advanced Garbage Collection

• What Every Computer Scientist Should Know About Floating-Point Arithmetic [pdf]

• Matrix Multiplication Optimization Article Series by Amanzhol Salykov

  • Advanced Matrix Multiplication Optimization on Modern Multi-Core Processors
  • Advanced Matrix Multiplication Optimization on NVIDIA GPUs
  • Matrix Core Programming on AMD CDNA3 and CDNA4 architecture

• Virtual Memory: A Deep Dive into Page Tables, TLBs, and Linux Internals by Abhinav Upadhyay

GPU and TPU Programming

• Basic facts about GPUs by Damek Davis

• Inside NVIDIA GPUs: Anatomy of high performance matmul kernels by Aleksa Gordić

• Introduction to CUDA Programming With GPU Puzzles by Henry Ko

• TPU Deep Dive by Henry Ko

SIMD programming

• Accelerating copy_if using SIMD by Chaitanya Kumar

• ARM NEON for C++ Developers [pdf]

• Cuckoo hashing improves SIMD hash tables by Reiner Pope

• Designing a SIMD Algorithm from Scratch by Miguel Young de la Sota

• SIMD: A Practical Guide by Caden Parker

• SIMD for C++ Developers [pdf]

• Wojciech Muła — website

Math

• A Gentle Introduction to Tensors by Boaz Porat [pdf]

• A Gentle Introduction to the Art of Mathematics by Joe Fields

• A Programmer's Introduction to Mathematics by Jeremy Kun

• Algebra, Topology, Differential Calculus, and Optimization Theory For Computer Science and Machine Learning by Jean Gallier and * Jocelyn Quaintance* [pdf]

• An animated introduction to Fourier Series by Andrei Ciobanu

• An Infinite Descent into Pure Mathematics by Clive Newstead

• An Infinitely Large Napkin by Evan Chen [pdf]

• An Introduction to Tensors for Students of Physics and Engineering by Joseph C. Kolecki [pdf]

• Approved Textbooks of the American Institute of Mathematics

• Books and papers by Professor Dimitry P. Bertsekas

• Books by Dr. Kenneth Kuttler

• Books of Shlomo Sternberg

  • Advanced Calcululs [pdf]
  • Dynamical Systems [pdf]
  • Lie algebras [pdf]
  • Semi-classical analysis by Victor Guillemin and Shlomo Sternberg [pdf]
  • Semi-Riemann Geometry and General Relativity [pdf]
  • Theory of functions of a real variable [pdf]

• Courses and lecture notes by Jeffrey Robert Chasnov

  • Applied Linear Algebra and Differential Equations [pdf]
  • Calculus for Engineers [pdf]
  • Differential Equations for Engineers [pdf]
  • Differential Equations: Review with YouTube Examples [pdf]
  • Differential Equations [pdf]
  • Fibonacci Numbers and the Golden Ratio [pdf]
  • Flow Around a Cylinder [pdf]
  • Mathematical Biology [pdf]
  • Matrix Algebra for Engineers [pdf]
  • Numerical Methods for Engineers [pdf]
  • Numerical Methods [pdf]
  • Scientific Computing [pdf]
  • Vector Calculus for Engineers [pdf]

• Cournse Notes and Books by Curtis T. McMullen [Harvard]

  • Books
    • Complex Dynamics and Renormalization [pdf]
    • Renormalization and 3-Manifolds which Fiber over the Circle [pdf]
  • Course Notes
    • Advanced Complex Analysis [pdf]
    • Advanced Real Analysis [pdf]
    • Algebra and Dynamics [pdf]
    • Complex Analysis on Riemann Surfaces [pdf]
    • Ergodic theory, geometry and dynamics [pdf]
    • From Conformal Invariants to Percolation [pdf]
    • Probability Theory [pdf]
    • Real Analysis [pdf]
    • Riemann surfaces, dynamics and geometry [pdf]
    • Sets, Groups and Knots [pdf]
    • Topology [pdf]

• Course notes by J.S. Milne

  • Abelian Varieties [pdf]
  • Algebraic Geometry [pdf]
  • Algebraic Number Theory [pdf]
  • Class Field Theory [pdf]
  • Complex Multiplication [pdf]
  • Fields and Galois Theory [pdf]
  • Group Theory [pdf]
  • Lectures on Etale Cohomology [pdf]
  • Lie Algebras, Algebraic Groups, and Lie Groups [pdf]
  • Modular Functions and Modular Forms [pdf]
  • Reductive Groups [pdf]

• Course notes by Kenneth R. Davidson

  • Measure Theory [pdf]
  • Nest Algebras
  • Real Analysis [pdf]
  • Rigorous Calculus [pdf]

• Course notes by Rajen Shah [Cambridge]

  • Mathematics of Machine Learning
  • Modern Statistical Methods
  • Principles of Statistics
  • Statistical Modelling

• Course Notes by Richard Weber

  • Markov Chains
  • Mathematics of Operational Research
  • Optimization
  • Optimization and Control
  • Probability
  • Statistics
  • Time Series

• Course notes by Tom Leinster

  • Category theory
  • Fourier analysis [pdf]
  • Galois theory
  • General topology [pdf]
  • Linear algebra by [pdf]

• Everything You Always Wanted To Know About Mathematics by Brendan W. Sullivan with Professor John Mackey [pdf]

• Feynman's Trick a.k.a. Differentiation under the Integral Sign & Leibniz Integral Rule

• Foundations of Mathematics by Florent P. Baudier [pdf]

• How do undergraduates do mathematics? [pdf]

• Intermediate Calculus and Linear Algebra by Jerry L. Kazdan [pdf]

• Introduction to Applied Mathematics by Jan Glaubitz [pdf]

• Introduction to Homotopy Type Theory by Egbert Rijke

• Introduction to the Modeling and Analysis of Complex Systems by Hiroki Sayama

• Introduction to Stochastic Calculus by Ji-Ha

• Lecuture Notes by Aditya Guntuboyina

  • Analysis of Time Series [pdf]
  • Introduction to Probability at an advanced level [pdf]
  • Theoretical Statistics [pdf]

• Lecture Notes by Ian Tice

  • A crash course in complex analysis [pdf]
  • A crash course in interpolation theory [pdf]
  • Derivation of the fluid equations [pdf]
  • Fluid-solid interaction [pdf]
  • From Stokes flow to Darcy's law [pdf]
  • Gamma-convergence of the Ginzburg-Landau energy [pdf]
  • Linear constant coefficient ordinary differential systems [pdf]
  • Monstrous Functions [pdf]
  • Quasilinear symmetric hyperbolic systems [pdf]

• Lecture Notes by Jacob Shapiro

  • Calculus 1 [pdf]
  • Complex Analysis with Applications [pdf]
  • Functional Analysis [pdf]
  • Measure Theory [pdf]
  • Topics in Mathematical Physics [pdf]
  • Homeworks and other courses materials

• Lecture Notes by John K. Hunter

  • Applied Analysis
  • Applied Mathematics
  • Asymptotics
  • Introduction to Analysis
  • Measure Theory
  • Partial Differential Equations

• Lecture Notes by Omer Tamuz

  • General Equilibrium Theory [pdf]
  • Graduate Real Analysis [pdf]
  • Multivariate Calculus
  • Probability: Random Walks
  • Probability
  • The Value and Cost of Information [pdf]
  • Undergraduate Game Theory

• Lecture Notes by Seongjai Kim

  • Calculus Lectures [pdf]
  • Fundamentals of Numerical Linear Algebra [pdf]
  • Heterogeneity in Computational Environments [pdf]
  • Linear Algebra with Applications [pdf]
  • Mathematical Foundations of Machine Learning [pdf]
  • Numerical Analysis and Applications with Music [pdf]
  • Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations [pdf]
  • Programming Basics and AI with Matlab and Python [pdf]

• Math Alive by Ingrid Daubechies and Shannon Hughes - lecture notes on:

  • Cryptography
  • Error correction & compression
  • Probability & Statistics
  • Birth, Growth, Death & Chaos
  • Graph Theory
  • Voting & Social Choice

• Math Planet

• Mathematics Its Contents Methods And Meaning, Volumes 1 - 3 by A. D. Aleksandrov, A. N. Kolmogorov, M. A. Lavrent'ev

• Mathematical Methods for Computer Vision, Robotics, and Graphics by Justin Solomon [pdf]

• Mathematical Methods for Physics by Dmitry Turaev [pdf]

  • Problem sheets and solutions

• Mathematics for the Physical Sciences by Herbert S. Wilf

• Menthal Math Tricks by John D. Cook

• Notes on Mathematics For Engineers [pdf]

• Open Mathematics Depository

• Open textbooks for undergraduate mathematics

• Paul's Online Math Notes by Paul Dawkins

  • Algebra
  • Calculus I
  • Calculus II
  • Calculus III
  • Differential Equations

• Peter Cameron's Lecture Notes

  • Mathematical Structures [pdf]
  • Introduction to Algebra [pdf]
  • Linear Algebra [pdf]
  • Algebraic Structures *[pdf] Number theory [pdf]
  • Combinatorics [pdf]
  • Probability [pdf]
  • Cryptography [pdf]
  • Complexity [pdf]
  • A Crash Course on Group Theory [pdf]
  • Notes on Advanced Combinatorics
    • The art of counting [pdf]
    • Structure, symmetry and polynomials [pdf]
    • Finite geometry and strongly regular graphs [pdf]

• Precalculus by Carl Stitz and Jeff Zeager

• Real Not Complex - Discover Incredible FREE Resources to Study MathemF comilatics.

• Street-Fighting Mathematics - Course teaches the art of guessing results and solving problems without doing a proof or an exact calculation by Sanjoy Mahajan

• Teaching notes by Oliver Knill

  • Differential Geometry [pdf]
  • Introduction to Calculus [pdf]
  • Linear Algebra And Vector Calculus [pdf]
  • Linear Algebra And Vector Calculus I [pdf]
  • Linear Algebra And Vector Calculus II [pdf]
  • Multivariable Calculus [pdf]
  • Probability Theory [pdf]
  • Teaching Mathematics with a Historical Perspective [pdf]

• Texts, exercises, problems and lecture notes by John Erdman

  • Exercises and Problems in Calculus
  • A ProblemText in Advanced Calculus [pdf]
  • Exercises and Problems in Linear Algebra
  • Companion to Real Analysis
  • Functional Analysis and Operator Algebras: An Introduction [pdf]

• The Lost Art of Logarithms by Charles Petzold

• The Mathematics in Toys and Games by Jing Li, Prof. Erik Demaine, and Melissa Gymrek

• The Matrix Cookbook by Kaare Brandt Petersen and Michael Syskind Pedersen

• The Princeton Companion to Mathematics by Timothy Gowers - editor [pdf]

• The Tensor Cookbook by Thomas Dybdahl Ahle

• Trigonometry by Michael Corral

• Umnov A.E. and Umnov E.A's Educational Materials [MIPT]

  • Subjects Included:
    • Elementary Mathematics
    • Intoduction to Calculus
    • Multy-dimentional Analysis. Integrals and Series
    • Analytic Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Multiple integrals and field theory
    • Harmonic Analysis
    • Parametric Sets of Second-Order Lines on a Plane

• University Mathematics by Ole Witt-Hansen

Algebra

• Abstract Algebra taughy by Yum-Tong Siu, notes by Dongryul Kim [pdf]

• Abstract Algebra: Theory and Applications by Thomas W. Judson

• Advanced Modern Algebra by Joseph J. Rotman [pdf]

• Algebra: Abstract and Concrete by Frederick M. Goodman

• Algebra: An Elementary Text-Book by George Chrystal

• Beginning and Intermediate Algebra by Tyler Wallace

• Elements of Abstract and Linear Algebra by Edwin H. Connell

• Intermediate Algebra by Saylor Academy

• Introduction to Abstract Algebra by Alexander Paulin [pdf]

• Introduction to Modern Algebra by David Joyce [pdf]

• Learn you Galois Fields for Great Good by Anthony Bonkoski

• Lectures on Abstract Algebra by Richard Elman [pdf]

• The Rising Sea: Foundations Of Algebraic Geometry Notes by Ravi Vakil

Linear Algebra

• Graphical Linear Algebra by Pawel Sobocinski

• Immersive Linear Algebra by J. Ström, K. Åström, and T. Akenine-Möller

• Interactive Linear Algebra by Dan Margalit and Joseph Rabinoff

• Introduction to Applied Linear Algebra – Vectors, Matrices, and Least Squares by Stephen Boyd and Lieven Vandenberghe

• Linear Algebra by David Cherney, Tom Denton, Rohit Thomas and Andrew Waldron [pdf]

• Linear Algebra, Fourth edition by Jim Hefferon [pdf]

• Linear Algebra Done Right by Sheldon Axler

• Linear Algebra Done Wrong by Sergei Treil

• Linear Algebra for Computer Science by Manoj Thulasidas

• Linear Algebra Lecture Notes by Terence Tao [pdf] [UCLA]

• Notes for Computational Linear Algebra by Jessy Grizzle [pdf]

• Numerical Linear Algebra by Bärbel Janssen [pdf]

• The Little Book of Linear Algebra by Duc-Tam Nguyen

Analysis

• Classical Real Analysis Books by Andrew M. Bruckner, Judith B. Bruckner, and Brian S. Thomson

  • Elementary Real Analysis, Second Edition
  • Real Analysis
  • Mathematical Discovery
  • The Calculus Integral
  • Theory of the Integral

• Complex Analysis by Russell W. Howell and John H. Mathews

• Complex Analysis by Dmitry Belyaev [pdf]

  • Problems and Solutions

• Harmonic Function Theory by Sheldon Axler, Paul Bourdon, and Wade Ramey

• How We Got from There to Here: A Story of Real Analysis by Eugene Boman and Robert Rogers

• Introduction to Real Analysis by William F. Trench

• Principles of Mathematical Analysis by Walter Rudin [pdf]

• Real Analysis by Dr. Casey Rodriguez

• Real Analysis by Gary Towsley

• Visual Complex Analysis by Tristan Needham [pdf]

Calculus

• Advanced Multivariable Calculus by Alex Wang [pdf]

• Basic Analysis: Introduction to Real Analysis by Jiří Lebl

• Calculus by Gilbert Strang

• Calculus 1 for Honours Mathematics by Barbara A. Forrest and Brian E. Forrest [pdf]

• Calculus Books by Tyler Wallace

  • Calculus 1
  • Calculus 2
  • Calculus 3

• Calculus in Context by James Callahan, Kenneth Hoffman, David Cox, Donal O’Shea, Harriet Pollatsek, and Lester Senechal [pdf]

• Calculus: Basic Concepts for High Schools by L.V. Tarasov

• Calculus for Mathematicians, Computer Scientists, and Physicists by Andrew D. Hwang [pdf]

• Calculus Made Easy by Silvanus P. Thompson

• Calculus with Julia by John Verzani

• CLP Calculus Textbooks by Joel Feldman, Andrew Rechnitzer and Elyse Yeager

• Derivatives, Gradients, Jacobians and Hessians by Alan Wolfe

• Differential Calculus: From Practice to Theory by Eugene Boman and Robert Rogers

• Elementary Calculus by Michael Corral

• Integration Theory by Johan Jonasson [pdf]

• Introduction to Calculus by Paul Lutus [pdf]

• Multivariable Calculus Lectures by Richard J. Brown [pdf]

• Pre-Calculus by Salah Abed, Sonia Farag, Stephen Lane, Tyler Wallace, and Barbara Whitney

• Precalculus: An Investigation of Functions by David Lippman and Melonie Rasmussen

Vector Calculus

• Lectures on Vector Calculus by David Tong

• Vector and Complex Calculus for the Physical Sciences by Fabian Waleffe [pdf]

• Vector Calculus by Andrea Moiola [pdf]

• Vector Calculus by B. C. Allanacha and J.M. Evansa [pdf]

• Vector Calculus by Michael Corral

Category Theory

• Category Theory for Programmers by Bartosz Milewski

• Category Theory for Programming by Benedikt Ahrens and Kobe Wullaert

• Category Theory Illustrated by Boris Marinov

• Category Theory in Programming by Noah Ma

• Category Theory: Lecture Notes and Online Books - collection by Peter Smith

• Notes on Category Theory with examples from basic mathematics by Paolo Perrone

• Pragmatic Category Theory by Dmitrii Kovanikov

• Seven Sketches in Compositionality: An Invitation to Applied Category Theory by Brendan Fong and David I. Spivak

Differential Equations

• Elementary Differential Equations with Boundary Value Problems by William F. Trench

• Fourier Series & PDEs by Philip Maini [Oxford]

Game Theory

• Game Theory (Open Access textbook with 165 solved exercises) by Giacomo Bonanno

• Game Theory with Engineering Applications by Prof. Asuman Ozdaglar

• Introduction to Game Theory: a Discovery Approach by Jennifer Firkins Nordstrom

• Lecture Notes for 1st Year Ph.D. Game Theory by Navin Kartik [pdf]

General problem solving

• How to Solve It by George Pólya [pdf]

Geometry

• Euclid's Elements

• Euclidean and Non-Euclidean Geometries: Development and History by Marvin Jay Greenberg [pdf]

• Geometry with an Introduction to Cosmic Topology by Michael P. Hitchman

• Geometry: Euclid and Beyond by Robin Hartshorne [pdf]

• Planes in 3D space by Alex Harri

• The Foundations of Geometry by David Hilbert [pdf]

• The Four Pillars of Geometry by John Stillwell [pdf]

Differential Geometry

• Differential Geometry: A First Course in Curves and Surfaces by Theodore Shifrin [pdf]

• Functional Differential Geometry by Gerald Jay Sussman and Jack Wisdom with Will Farr [pdf]

• Introduction to Smooth Manifolds by John M. Lee [pdf]

• Lecture Notes on Differential Geometry by Mohammad Ghomi

• Manifolds and Differential Forms by Reyer Sjamaar [pdf]

• Open Problems In Geometry Of Curves And Surfaces by Mohammad Ghomi [pdf]

• What is differential geometry: curves and surfaces by Anton Petrunin and Sergio Zamora Barrera

Combinatorics

• Algebraic Combinatorics by Alexander Postnikov

• Analytic Combinatorics by Philippe Flajolet and Robert Sedgewick [pdf]

• Combinatorics Through Guided Discovery by Kenneth P. Bogart

• Enumerative Combinatorics, Volume 1, Second Edition by Richard P. Stanley [pdf]

Graph Theory

• An introduction to graph theory by Darij Grinberg [pdf]

• Graphs and Geometry by László Lovász [pdf]

• Graph Theory, Sixth Edition, 2025 by Reinhard Diestel

• Graph Theory and Additive Combinatorics by Yufei Zhao

• Graph Theory Lecture Notes by Christopher Griffin [pdf]

• Introduction to Random Graphs by *Alan Frieze" and **ALAN FRIEZE and Michał Karonski [pdf]

• Large networks and graph limits by László Lovász [pdf]

• Spectral Graph Theory by David P. Williamson

High School Math

• Mathematical Problems And Puzzles from the Polish Mathematical Olympiads by Stefan Straszewicz

• Solving Problems In Algebra And Trigonometry by V. Litvinenko and A. Mordkovich

• Solving Problems In Geometry by V. Gusev, V. Litvinenko, and A. Mordkovich

• The USSR Olympiad Problem Book by D. O. Shklarsky, N. N. Chentzov, and I. M. Yaglom

Mathematical Finance

• A Practical Guide to Quantitative Finance Interviews by Xinfeng Zhou [pdf]

• Financial Machine Learning by Bryan T. Kelly and Dacheng Xiu

• Mathematical Foundations for Finance by Prof. Dr. Beatrice Acciaio

  • Probability Theory by Prof. Dr. Alain-Sol Sznitman [pdf]
  • Mathematical Foundations for Finance Lecture Notes by M. Schweizer and E. W. Farkas [pdf]

• Statistical Method in Economics by Prof. Anna Mikusheva

• Topics in Mathematics with Applications in Finance by Dr. Peter Kempthorne, Dr. Choongbum Lee, Dr. Vasily Strela, and Dr. Jake Xia

• Trade Signal by Lucas Downey

Mathematical Logic

• A Concise Introduction to Logic by Craig DeLancey

• A Friendly Introduction to Mathematical Logic by hristopher Leary and Lars Kristiansen

• forall x: Calgary: An Introduction to Formal Logic by P. D. Magnus, Tim Button, Robert Trueman, and Richard Zach

• PQT Logic Textbook by Scott Weinstein, Owain West and Grace Zhang [pdf]

• Lecture Notes on The Lambda Calculus by Frank Pfenning [pdf]

• Notes on Mathematical Logic by David W. Kueker

  • Part 1 [pdf]
  • Part 2 [pdf]

Measure Theory

• An Introduction to Measure Theory by Terence Tao [pdf]

• Measure, Integration & Real Analysis by Sheldon Axler

• Measure Theory Princeton University MAT425 Lecture Notes [pdf]

Number theory

• A Computational Introduction to Number Theory and Algebra by Victor Shoup

• An Introduction to the Theory of Numbers by Leo Moser

• Elementary Number Theory: Primes, Congruences, and Secrets by William Stein

• Lectures notes on number theory for computer science by Alexandros V. Gerbessiotis

• Theory of Numbers by Prof. Abhinav Kumar

Numerical analysis

• Tea Time Numerical Analysis by Leon Q. Brin

Operations Research

• Applied Mathematical Programming by Stephen P. Bradley, Arnoldo C. Hax, and Thomas L. Magnanti

• Arkadi Nemirovski Books and Lecture Notes on Optimization

• Bridging Continuous and Discrete Optimization by David P. Williamson

• Introduction to Operations Research, Tenth Edition by Frederick S. Hillier, and Gerald J. Lieberman [pdf]

• Linear Programming Lecture Notes by Hal Gabow [dpf]

• MOSEK Modeling Cookbook

Probability and Statistics

• Advanced Data Analysis from an Elementary Point of View by Cosma Rohilla Shalizi

• Advanced Probability by Alexander Sokol and Anders Rønn-Nielsen [pdf]

• All of Statistics: A concise Course in Statistical Inference by Larry Wasserman [pdf]

• An Elementary Introduction To The Theory Of Probability by B. V. Gnedenko, A. Ya. Khinchin

• AnyDice

• Applied Problems In Probability Theory by E. Wentzel and L. Ovcharov

• Bayes Rules! An Introduction to Applied Bayesian Modeling by Alicia A. Johnson, Miles Q. Ott, Mine Dogucu

• Bayesian Data Analysis, Third Edition by Andrew Gelman, John Carlin, Hal Stern, David Dunson, Aki Vehtari, and Donald Rubin

• Digital textbook on probability and statistics by Marco Taboga

• Elementary Probability for Applications by Rick Durrett [pdf]

• Fundamentals of Probability by Prof. Yury Polyanskiy

• High-Dimensional Probability: An Introduction with Applications in Data Science by Roman Vershynin [pdf]

• High-Dimensional Statistics by Philippe Rigollet and Jan-Christian Hütter

• Introduction to Modern Statistics (2nd Ed) by Mine Çetinkaya-Rundel and Johanna Hardin

• Introduction to Probability by Charles M. Grinstead and J. Laurie Snell

• Introduction to probability and statistics by Mike Hitchman

• Introduction to Probability for Data Science by Stanley H. Chan

• Introduction to Statistics by David Lane

• Lecture Notes on Probability by Omer Tamuz [pdf]

• Lecture Notes on Probability Statistics and Linear Algebra by C. H. Taubes [pdf]

• Linear Model and Extensions by Peng Ding

• Markov Chains for programmers by Ricardo M. Czekster

• Modern Discrete Probability: An Essential Toolkit by Sebastien Roch

• Notes on Counting and Rapidly Mixing Markov Chains by Alan Frieze [pdf]

• Notes on Probability by Peter J. Cameron [pdf]

• Odds & Ends: Introducing Probability & Decision with a Visual Emphasis by Jonathan Weisberg

• One Thousand Exercises in Probability by Geoffrey R. Grimmett and David R. Stirzaker [pdf]

• OpenIntro Statistics, Fourth Edition by David Diez, Mine C¸ etinkaya-Rundel, and Christopher D Barr

• Probability 101, the intuition behind martingales and solving problems with them

• Probability and Statistics: The Science of Uncertainty, Second Edition by Michael J. Evans and Jeffrey S. Rosenthal

• Probability and Statistics Cookbook by Matthias Vallentin

• Probability and Statistics for Data Science by Carlos Fernandez-Granda [pdf]

• Probability for Computer Scientists by Chris Piech

• Probability for Computer Scientists by Robert J. Moss [pdf]

• Probability in High Dimension by Ramon van Handel [pdf] [Princeton]

• Probability in High Dimensions by Prof. Joel A. Tropp [pdf] [Caltech]

• Probability Textbooks by Mark Huber

  • Probability Adventures [pdf]
  • Probability Lectures and Labs [pdf]

• Probability Theory by Amir Dembo [pdf] [Stanford]

  • Other course materials

• Probability Theory (First Steps) by E. S. Wentzel

• Probability Theory & Computational Mathematics by Prof. Joel A. Tropp [pdf] [Caltech]

• Probability with Engineering Applications by Bruce Hajek

• Probability: Theory and Examples by Rick Durrett [pdf]

• Seeing Theory - a book about statistics with interactive visualizations by Daniel Kunin, Jingru Guo, Tyler Dae Devlin, and Daniel Xiang

• Statistical Inference, Second Edition by George Casella and Roger L. Berger [pdf]

• Statistics Handbook by Carlo Occhiena

• Stochastic Processes by Amir Dembo [pdf]

• The Probabilistic Method by Noga Alon and Joel H. Spencer [pdf]

• The Truth About Linear Regression by Cosma Rohilla Shalizi

Proofs

• An introduction to mathematical proof by Seçkin Demirbaş and Andrew Rechnitzer [pdf]

• An Introduction to Mathematical Reasoning by Matthew M. Conroy and Jennifer L. Taggart [pdf]

• Book of Proof, Third Edition by Richard Hammack

• Handbook of Mathematical Proof by Edward D. Kim [pdf]

• Language and Proofs in Algebra: An Introduction by Carmen Bruni [pdf]

• Mathematical Reasoning & Proofs by Alistair Savage [University of Ottawa]

• Mathematical Reasoning: Writing and Proof (Version 3) by Ted Sundstrom

• Reading, Discovering and Writing Proofs by Carmen Bruni [pdf]

• The Mechanics of Proof by Heather Macbeth

Theoretical Computer Science

• An Introduction to Abstract Mathematics by Neil Donaldson and Alessandra Pantano [pdf]

• Applied Discrete Structures by Al Doerr and Ken Levasseur

• Busy Beavers! - An interactive intro to Computability Theory by Jim Fisher

• Computational Complexity: A Modern Approach by Sanjeev Arora and Boaz Barak

• Discrete Mathematical Modeling by Prof. Sara Billey [pdf]

• Discrete Mathematics by Andrew D. Ker [pdf]

• Discrete Mathematics: An Open Introduction, 4th Edition by Oscar Levin

• Discrete Mathematics and Its Applications, Eighth Edition by Kenneth H. Rosen

• Discrete Structures for Computer Science: Counting, Recursion, and Probability by Michiel Smid

• Edsger W. Dijkstra Archive

• Elements of Programming by Alexander Stepanov and Paul McJones

• Foundations of Computation by Carol Critchlow and David Eck

• Foundations of Computer Science by Alfred V. Aho and Jeffrey D. Ullman

• generatingfunctionology by Herbert S. Wilf [pdf]

• Great Ideas in Theoretical Computer Science by Prof. Scott Aaronson

• Introduction to Theoretical Computer Science by Boaz Barak

• Introduction to University Mathematics by Ian Hewitt [pdf]

• Mathematical Foundations of Computing by Keith Schwarz [pdf]

• Mathematical Techniques for Algorithm Analysis by Eric Bach [pdf]

• Mathematical Techniques for Computer Science by Andrea Schalk [pdf]

• Mathematics and Computation: A Theory Revolutionizing Technology and Science by Avi Wigderson [pdf]

• Mathematics for Computer Science by Eric Lehman, F. Thomson Leighton, and Albert R. Meyer [pdf]

• Mathematics for Computer Science by Prof. Erik Demaine, Dr. Zachary Abel, and Dr. Brynmor Chapman

• Mathematics for Computer Science by Prof. Tom Leighton and Dr. Marten van Dijk

• Notation as a Tool of Thought by Kenneth E. Iverson

• Notes on Computational Complexity Theory by James Aspnes [pdf]

• Notes on Discrete Mathematics by James Aspnes [pdf]

• Software Foundations - A broad introduction to the mathematical underpinnings of reliable software.

• Type Theory & Functional Programming by Simon Thompson [pdf]

• What Can Be Computed?: A Practical Guide to the Theory of Computation by John MacCormick [pdf]

Topology

• Algebraic Topology for Data Scientists by Michael S. Postol

• Computational Algebraic Topology by Vidit Nanda

• General Topology by Tom Leinster [pdf]

• Introduction To Symplectic Topology by Dusa Mcduff and Dietmar Salamon [pdf]

• Metric and Topological Spaces by T. W. K¨orner [pdf]

• Topology Without Tears by Sidney A. Morris

• Topology: A First Course by James R. Munkres

Multithreading and Concurrency

• A C++17 Thread Pool for High-Performance Scientific Computing by Barak Shoshany

• A Science of Concurrent Programs by Leslie Lamport

• Implementing simple cooperative threads in C by Stephen Brennan

• Introduction to Parallel Computing Tutorial

• Is Parallel Programming Hard, And, If So, What Can You Do About It? by Paul E. McKenney

• Lockfree Programming: A Mental Model by Anthony Bonkoski

• POSIX Threads Programming by Blaise Barney

• Programming Parallel Computers by Jukka Suomela, Samuli Laine, and Jaakko Lehtinen

• Reading and writing - Article series on race conditions by James Coglan

• Spinlocks vs. Mutexes: When to Spin and When to Sleep

• The Deadlock Empire

• The Little Book of Semaphores by Allen B. Downey

• What every systems programmer should know about concurrency by Matt Kline [pdf]

Music Theory

• Introduction to Computer Music by Prof. Jeffrey Hass

Operating Systems

• A Commentary On The Sixth Edition Unix Operating System by J. Lions

• Advanced Linux Programming by Mark Mitchell, Jeffrey Oldham, and Alex Samuel [pdf]

• Exploring Operating Systems

• Linux Basics for Hackers by Abdulrahman Hegazy

• Linux Insides by Alex Kuleshov

• How to write Rust in the kernel by Daroc Alden

  • Part 1
  • Part 2
  • Part 3

• Making our own executable packer by Amos Wenger

• My Own Private Binary: An Idiosyncratic Introduction to Linux Kernel Modules

• Notes on Operating Systems by James Aspnes

• Operating Systems: Three Easy Pieces by Remzi H Arpaci-Dusseau and Andrea C Arpaci-Dusseau

• Principia Softwarica by Yoann Padioleau - A series of literate programming books explaining Plan 9 system programs.

• Systems Programming: Lecture Notes by Jian Huang

• The Art of Unix Programming by Eric Steven Raymond

• The Linux Documentation Project

• The Linux Kernel Module Programming Guide by Peter Jay Salzman, Michael Burian, Ori Pomerantz, Bob Mottram, Jim Huang

• The UNIX-HATERS Handbook by Simson Garfinkel, Daniel Weise, and Steven Strassmann [pdf]

• Unix as IDE by Tom Ryder

Operating Systems Development

• A Journey in Creating an Operating System Kernel by Mohammed Q. Hussain

• Baking Pi – Operating Systems Development by Alex Chadwick

• Making a RISC-V Operating System using Rust by Stephen Marz

• Making an RISC-V OS

  • Part 1 - Project Setup
  • Part 2 - Kernel in virtual addresses
  • Part 3 - Managing free memory

• Operating System development tutorials in Rust on the Raspberry Pi by Andre Richter

• Operating System in 1,000 Lines by Seiya Nuta

• Operating Systems: From 0 to 1 by Tu Do

• OSDev.org

• The little book about OS development by Erik Helin and Adam Renberg

• Writing a Simple Operating System — from Scratch by Nick Blundell

• Writing an OS in Rust by Philipp Oppermann

• Writing an OS in Nim by Khaled Hammouda

• xv6: a simple, Unix-like teaching operating system by Russ Cox, Frans Kaashoek, and Robert Morris

Photography

• Photography for geeks by Michal Zalewski

Physics

• A free introduction to quantum computing and quantum mechanics by Andy Matuschak and Michael Nielsen

• An introduction to Lagrangian and Hamiltonian mechanics by Simon J.A. Malham [pdf]

• An Intuitive Guide to Maxwell’s Equations by Nick M.

• Applications of Classical Physics by Roger D. Blandford and Kip S. Thorne

• IBM Quantum Learning - Learn the basics of quantum computing.

• Introduction to Classical and Quantum Computing by Thomas G. Wong

• Introduction to Special Relativity, Quantum Mechanics and Nuclear Physics for Nuclear Engineers by Alex F. Bielajew [pdf]

• Mechanics and Relativity by Timon Idema

• Motion Mountain by Christoph Schiller - A free physics textbook in 5 volumes.

• Open textbooks for undergraduate physics

• Orbital Mechanics by * Alan Zucconi*

• Percolation Theory by Dr. Kim Christensen [pdf]

• Physics for Mathematicians by Nicolas James Marks Ford

• Quantum Computation Lecture Notes by Peter Shor

• Quantum Mechanics by basketballguy

• Quantum Mechanics for Engineers by Leon van Dommelen [pdf]

• Relativity: A Modern Primer by Kevin Han

• Structure and Interpretation of Classical Mechanics by Gerald Jay Sussman and Jack Wisdom with Meinhard E. Mayer

• The Feynman Lectures on Physics

• Physics-Based Simulation by Minchen Li, Chenfanfu Jiang, and Zhaofeng Luo

Programming languages

• A Dumb Introduction to z3 by Rahman Sibahi

• Control structures in programming languages: from goto to algebraic effects by Xavier Leroy

• Exotic Programming Ideas by Stephen Diehl

  • Part 1: Module Systems
  • Part 2: Term Rewriting
  • Part 3: Effect Systems
  • Part 4: Datalog
  • Part 5: Types of Types

• Introduction to the Theory of Programming Languages by Bertrand Meyer

• Programming Paradigms for Dummies: What Every Programmer Should Know by Peter Van Roy [pdf]

• University Physics by Ole Witt-Hansen

Ada

• Ada 95: The Craft of Object-Oriented Programming by John English

• Ada95 Lovelace tutorial by David A. Wheeler

• Ada Gem Archive

• Introduction to Ada: a project-based exploration with rosettas by Romain Gora

Assembly

• A friendly introduction to assembly for high-level programmers by Manuel Spagnolo

  • Part 1: Hello
  • Part 2: Conditionals

• A fundamental introduction to x86 assembly programming by Nayuki

• An interactive guide to x86-64 assembly by Alberto Ventafridda

• Easy RISC-V

• FFmpeg School of Assembly Language

• Learn Assembly Language - NASM x86 assembly language tutorial on Linux.

• Programming from the Ground Up by Jonathan Bartlett [pdf]

• Learn x86-64 assembly by writing a GUI from scratch by Philippe Gaultier

• Let's Learn x86-64 Assembly!

  • Part 0 - Setup and First Steps
  • Part 1 - Metaprogramming in Flat Assembler
  • Part 2 - We're Writing a Virtual Machine
  • Part 3 - Arithmetic and Logic
  • Part 4 - More About Jumps Than You Wanted To Know

• NASM Tutorial

• PC Assembly Language by Paul A. Carter

• RISC-V Assembly Programming by Prof. Edson Borin

• The Art of Assembly Language by Randall Hyde

• Understanding Windows x64 Assembly by Siew Yi Liang

• x86-64 Assembly Language Programming with Ubuntu by Ed Jorgensen

Bash

• Introduction to Bash Scripting by Bobby Iliev

Basic

• BBC BASIC for SDL 2.0

C

• Compiler Options Hardening Guide for C and C++

• Coroutines in C by Simon Tatham

• Demystifying bitwise operations, a gentle C tutorial by Andrei Ciobanu

• Extreme C by Kamran Amini

• Few lesser known tricks, quirks and features of C

• Hacking Coroutines into C by Christoph Walcher

• Hacktical C: A practical hacker's guide to the C programming language

• How to implement a hash table (in C) by Ben Hoyt

• I Write Type Safe Generic Data Structures in C by Daniel Hooper

• Implementing smart pointers for the C programming language

• Modern C by Jens Gustedt

• Object-Oriented Programming with ANSI-C by Axel-Tobias Schreiner [pdf]

• So You Think You Know C? by Oleksandr Kaleniuk [pdf]

• The C Book by Mike Banahan, Declan Brady and Mark Doran

• The Lost Art of Structure Packing by Eric S. Raymond

• Writing a Simple Garbage Collector in C by Matthew Plant

C#

• Developing on AWS with C# by Noah Gift and James Charlesworth [pdf]

C++

• C++ Core Guidelines by Bjarne Stroustrup and Herb Sutter

• C++ exceptions uner the hood by Nicolás Brailovsky

  • Part 1
  • Part 2: A tiny ABI
  • Part 3: An ABI to appease the linker
  • Part 4: Catching what you throw
  • Part 5: Magic around __cxa_begin_catch and __cxa_end_catch
  • Part 6: gcc_except_table and the personality function
  • Part 7: A nice personality
  • Part 8: Two-phase handling
  • Part 9: Catching our first exception
  • Part 10: Unwind and call frame info
  • Part 11: Reading a CFI table
  • Part 12: And suddenly, reflexion in C++
  • Part 13: Setting the context for a landing pad
  • Part 14: Multiple landing pads & the teachings of the guru
  • Part 15: Finding the right landing pad
  • Part 16: Finding the right catch in a landing
  • Part 17: Reflecting on an exception type and reading .gcc_except_table
  • Part 18: Getting the right stack frame
  • Part 19: Getting the right catch in a landing pad
  • Part 20: Running destructors while unwinding
  • Part 21: A summary and some final thoughts
  • Appendix I: The true cost of an exception
  • Appendix II: Metaclasses and RTTI on C++
  • Appendix III: RTTI and exceptions orthogonality

• C++20 Coroutines: sketching a minimal async framework by Jeremy Ong

• C++20 Concepts: The Definitive Guide by Rajat Jain

• Effective Modern C++ by Scott Meyers [pdf]

• Efficient Programming with Components by Alexander Stepanov and Justin Meiners

• Fiber in C++: Understanding the Basics by Jiayin Cao

• Hacking C++

• Learn C++

• Learning to read C++ compiler errors: Not a legal base class by Raymond Chen

• Microsoft C++ language documentation

• Modern C++ Tutorial by Ou Changkun

• More C++ Idioms

• My Favorite C++ Pattern: X Macros by Daniel Fedorin

• Philosophy of coroutines by Simon Tatham

• The Boost C++ Libraries by Boris Schäling

• Thoughts on creating a tracking pointer class by Raymond Chen

  • Part 1: Concept art
  • Part 2: Using a std::list
  • Part 3: Using a std::vector
  • Part 4: Using a circular doubly linked list
  • Part 5: Copying our tracking pointer
  • Part 6: Non-modifying trackers
  • Part 7: Non-modifying trackers, second try
  • Part 8: Tracking const objects
  • Part 9: Conversion
  • Part 10: Proper conversion
  • Part 11: Repairing assignment
  • Part 12: A shared tracking pointer
  • Part 13: Restoring the strong exception guarantee
  • Part 14: Nonthrowing moves with the shared tracking pointer
  • Part 15: A custom shared pointer
  • Part 16: Second attempt to use a list

CMake

• An Introduction to Modern CMake by Henry Schreiner

Cuda

• How To Write A Fast Matrix Multiplication From Scratch With Tensor Cores by Alex Armbruster

D

• Programming in D by Ali Çehreli

Datalog

• Learn Datalog Today by Jonas Enlund

Erlang

• Adopting Erlang by Tristan Sloughter, Fred Hebert, and Evan Vigil-McClanahan

• Learn You Some Erlang for great good! by Fred Hebert

• Stuff Goes Bad: Erlang in Anger by Fred Hebert

Forth

• Easy Forth by Nick Morgan

• Forth: The programming language that writes itself by Dave Gauer

• Implementing a Forth by Dave Gauer

• Starting FORTH by Leo Brodie

• Thinking Forth by Leo Brodie [pdf]

Go

• A comprehensive guide to go generate by Eli Bendersky

• Accessing PostgreSQL databases in Go by Eli Bendersky

• Embedding in Go by Eli Bendersky

• Generic functions on slices with Go type parameters by Eli Bendedrsky

• Go internals: invariance and memory layout of slices by Eli Bendersky

• Go Optimization Guide by Alexander Stavonin

• Higher-order functions in Go by Eli Benderski

• Memory Allocation in Go by Nguyen Trong Nghia

• Notes on running Go in the browser with WebAssembly by Eli Benderski

• Practical Go Lessons by Maximilien Andile

• Ranging over functions in Go 1.23 by Eli Benderski

• The Y combinator in Go with generics by Eli Benderski

Network programming in Go

• Go HTTPS servers with TLS

• Go socket servers with TLS

• REST Servers in Go by Ely Bendersky

Haskell

• Learn Haskell by building a blog generator Gil Mizrahi

• Learn You a Haskell for Great Good! by Miran Lipovača

• Monads for functional programming by Philip Wadler [pdf]

• Monday Morning Haskell

• Real World Haskell by Bryan O'Sullivan, Don Stewart, and John Goerzen

Jai

• Jai articles by James Oswald
  • Simplicity, Jai, and Joy (Jai Part 1)
  • Embedding, Jai, and Joy (Jai Part 2)
  • Emulating Rust's Result and ? in Jai with Metaprogramming

Java

• How to Design Classes by Matthias Felleisen, Matthew Flatt, Robert Bruce Findler, Kathryn E. Gray, Shriram Krishnamurthi and Viera K. Proulx [pdf]

• Think Java by Allen B. Downey

JavaScript

• Eloquent JavaScript by Marijn Haverbeke

• Exploring JS: JavaScript books for programmers by Dr. Axel Rauschmayer

• Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs — JavaScript Edition by

  • Harold Abelson and Gerald Jay Sussman with Julie Sussman — original authors
  • Martin Henz and Tobias Wrigstad with Julie Sussman — adapters to JavaScript
  • Samuel Fang — designer and developer of this Interactive SICP JS edition

• The Modern JavaScript Tutorial by Ilya Kantor

• Mostly adequate guide to FP (in JavaScript)

Lean

• Functional Programming in Lean by David Thrane Christiansen

Lisp dialects

Clojure

• Babashka Babooka: Write Command-Line Clojure by Daniel Higginbotham

• Clojure for the Brave and True by Daniel Higginbotham

Common Lisp

• Gamedev in Lisp by Andrew Kravchuk

  • Part 1: ECS and Metalinguistic Abstraction
  • Part 2: Dungeons and Interfaces

• Learn Lisp The Hard Way by "the Phoeron" Colin J.E. Lupton

• On Lisp by Paul Graham

• Practical Common Lisp by Peter Seibel

• Successful Lisp: How to Understand and Use Common Lisp by David B. Lamkins

• The Common Lisp Cookbook

• Typed Lisp, A Primer by Musa Al-hassy

Racket

• A Functional Introduction To Computer Science by Prabhakar Ragde

  • Part I
  • Part II

• Beautiful Racket by Matthew Butterick

• How to Design Programs, Second Edition by Matthias Felleisen, Robert Bruce Findler, Matthew Flatt, Shriram Krishnamurthi

• Programming Languages: Application and Interpretation by Shriram Krishnamurthi

Scheme

• Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs by Harold Abelson and Gerald Jay Sussman with Julie Sussman

• (learn 'scheme) by Jared Krinke

Nim

• Computer Programming with the Nim Programming Language by Dr. Stefan Salewski

OCaml

• OCaml Programming: Correct + Efficient + Beautiful by Michael R. Clarkson

• Real World OCaml by Yaron Minsky, Anil Madhavapeddy and Jason Hickey

Oberon-2

• Object-Oriented Programming in Oberon-2 by Hanspeter Mössenböck [pdf]

Odin

• "Handles are the better pointers": An Odin gamedev follow-up by Karl Zylinski

• Introduction to the Odin Programming Language by Karl Zylinski

• Mistakes and cool things to do with arena allocators by Karl Zylinski

Pascal

• Modern Object Pascal Introduction for Programmers by Michalis Kamburelis

PostScript

• Learning PostScript by Doing by Andre Heck [pdf]

• Mathematical Ilustrations: A Manual of Geometry and PostScript by Bill Casselman

Prolog

• Datalog in Rust by Frank McSherry

• Learn Prolog Now! by Patrick Blackburn, Johan Bos, Kristina Striegnitz

• The Power of Prolog by Markus Triska

• Game Programming in Prolog by Youngjin Kang

Pyret

• Programming and Programming Languages by Shriram Krishnamurthi, Benjamin S. Lerner, Joe Gibbs Politz, Kathi Fisler

• A Data-Centric Introduction to Computing by Kathi Fisler, Shriram Krishnamurthi, Benjamin S. Lerner, Joe Gibbs Politz

Python

• 30 Days Of Python by Asabeneh

• Architecture Patterns with Python by Harry Percival and Bob Gregory

• Composing Programs by John DeNero

• Computational Discovery on Jupyter by Rob Corless

• Data Structures and Information Retrieval in Python by Allen B. Downey

• From Python to Numpy by Nicolas P. Rougier

• Full Stack Python by Matt Makai

• How Python Asyncio Works: Recreating it from Scratch by Jacob Padilla

• How to Think Like a Computer Scientist: Interactive Edition by Peter Wentworth, Jeffrey Elkner, Allen B. Downey, and Chris Meyers

• Introduction to Computer Programming with Python by Harris Wang

• Introduction to Python Programming by Udayan Das, Aubrey Lawson, Chris Mayfield, Narges Norouzi [pdf]

• Invent With Python by Al Sweigart

  • Audio, Video, and Webcams in Python (Lost Chapter from Automate the Boring Stuff)
  • Automate the Boring Stuff with Python
  • Beyond the Basic Stuff with Python
  • Cracking Codes with Python
  • Invent Your Own Computer Games with Python
  • Making Games with Python & Pygame
  • Python Programming Exercises, Gently Explained
  • Scratch 3 Programming Playground
  • The Big Book of Small Python Projects
  • The Recursive Book of Recursion

• Learn Python the Right Way

• NumPy Illustrated: The Visual Guide to NumPy by Lev Maximov

• Pandas Illustrated: The Definitive Visual Guide to Pandas by Lev Maximov

• Planet Python

• Practical Python Programming by David Beazley

• Python & OpenGL for Scientific Visualization by Nicolas P. Rougier

• Python Asyncio: The Complete Guide by Jason Brownlee

• Python Courses by Bernd Klein

• Python Data Science Handbook by Jake VanderPlas

• Python Design Patterns by Brandon Rhodes

• Python for Data Analysis, 3rd edition by Wes McKinney

• Python Programming for Economics and Finance by Thomas J. Sargent and John Stachurski

• Real Python - A collection of Python tutorials.

• Scientific Visualization: Python + Matplotlib by Nicolas Rougier

• Test-Driven Development with Python by Harry Percival

• The Ultimate Guide to Error Handling in Python by Miguel Grinberg

• Think Python, 2nd Edition by Allen B. Downey

• Think Python, 3rd Edition by Allen B. Downey

• Wicked Python trickery - dynamically patch a Python function's source code at runtime by Eric J. Ma

R

• Big Book of R by Oscar Baruffa

• Efficient R Programming by Colin Gillespie and Robin Lovelace

• R for Data Science (2e) Hadley Wickham, Mine Cetinkaya-Rundel, Garrett Grolemund

Regular expressions

• Implementing Regular Expressions by Russ Cox

• Learn RegEx step by step, from zero to advanced

• RegexOne

• Regular-Expressions.info by Jan Goyvaerts

• Rex Eats Regular Expressions for Breakfast

Ruby

• Building Games with DragonRuby by Brett Chalupa

• Ruby Hacking Guide

Rust

• 100 Exercises To Learn Rust

• A Gentle Introduction to Rust by Steve Donovan

• Async Rust in Three Parts by Jack O'Connor

• Asynchronous Programming in Rust

• Beginner's guide to Error Handling in Rust by Shesh Babu

• C++ to Rust Phrasebook

• Clear explanation of Rust’s module system by Shesh Babu

• Comprehensive Rust

• Dependency Injection like Bevy Engine from Scratch

• Effective Rust by David Drysdale

• Exploring ways to make async Rust easier by Carl Lerche

• Learning Async Rust With Entirely Too Many Web Servers by Ibraheem Ahmed

• No-Panic Rust: A Nice Technique for Systems Programming by Josh Haberman

• Rust Atomics and Locks: Low-Level Concurrency in Practice by Mara Bos

• Rust data structures with circular references by Eli Bendersky

• Rust Language Cheat Sheet

• Testing multiple implementations of a trait in Rust by Eli Bendersky

• Things you can’t do in Rust (and what to do instead)

Smalltalk

• Smalltalk Resources - A list of free smalltalk books.

Ya

• Я ☞ Articles by Murat Kasimov

Zig

• Learning Zig by Karl Seguin

• Zigbook

Retrocomputing

• A Guide to the Graphics of the Sega Mega Drive / Genesis

• BASIC Code by Michael Coorlim

• Books by Fabien Sanglard

  • Game Engine Black Book: Wolfenstein 3D
  • Game Engine Black Book: DOOM
  • The Book of CP-System

• Easy 6502 by Nick Morgan

• Extra Instructions Of The 65XX Series CPU by Adam Vardy

• Game Eengine White Papers: Commander Keen by Bas Smits [pdf]

• How PlayStation Graphics & Visual Artefacts Work by Gustavo Pezzi

• How pseudo-3d racing games work by Louis Gorenfeld

• jsgroth's blog

• Learn Multiplatform Assembly Programming by ChibiAkumas

• Mark Moxon's Software Archaeology - Fully documented source code for Elite, Revs, Lander, Aviator and more

• MarkeyJester’s Motorola 68000 Beginner’s Tutorial

• Michael Abrash’s Graphics Programming Black Book, Special Edition by Michael Abrash

• NeHe OpenGL Tutorials

• Patai Gergely's Website

  • Porting Stunt Car Racer to the Commodore Plus/4
  • Porting Stunt Car Racer to the Apple II
  • Pushing the Boundaries of C64 Graphics with NUFLIX

• Portals and Quake by Pekka Väänänen

• Programming specs for the GBA and NDS hardware by Martin Korth

• Retro Game Coders

• The Annotated "Programming the Nintendo GBA : The Unofficial Guide by Jasper Vijn

• Usborne 1980s Computer Books

Adevent of code on retro machines

• Advent of Code 2022 on a MikroMikko 4TT m326 by Jukka Jylänki

• Advent Of Code 2023 on a Commodore 64 by Jukka Jylänki

Apple II

• Apple II Documentation Project

• Apple II graphics: More than you wanted to know

• Colin Leroy-Mira’s Website

• Neil Parker's Apple II page

Commodore 64

• An Afterlife User's Guide to the C64 by Gregorio Naçu

• C64 OS Programmer's Guide by Gregorio Naçu

• Commodore 64 Guides

• Commodore Bookmarks - Bookmarks for the Commodore 64, 128, Plus4, C16, VIC20 & PET Community.

• The Lost Ways of Programming: Commodore 64 BASIC by Tomas Petricek

CP/M

• A gentle introduction to CP/M

• A journey into the 8-Bit microcomputing past: Exploring the CP/M operating system

  • Part 1
  • Part 2

DOS

• 256-Color VGA Programming in C by David Brackeen

• Beyond the 1 MB barrier in DOS by Julio Merino

• From 0 to 1 MB in DOS by Julio Merino

• How Cosmo’s Cosmic Adventure DOS game works?

• MS-DOS development resources

Game Boy

• Game Boy Development community

• Game Boy Advanced programming tutorial by Jasper Vijn

• Game Boy Advanced Development Resources

• More than you wanted to know about how Game Boy cartridges work by Allison Parrish

Mega 65

• MEGA65 Documentation

• MEGA65 Welcome Guide by Dan Sanderson

NES

• Famicom Party: Making NES Games in Assembly by Kevin Zurawel

• NesDev.org - A community of homebrew game developers and hardware researchers for the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES) and other retro consoles.

ZX Spectrum and Z80 CPU

• First Steps in Z80 Assembly Language by Darryl Sloan [pdf]

• How to Write ZX Spectrum Games by Jonathan Cauldwell [pdf]

• Sinclair ZX Spectrum BASIC programming by Steven Vicker [pdf]

• Z80 User's Manual

• ZX Spectrum Next: Assembly Developer Guide by Tomaz Kragelj

ZX Online Articles

• Angle Calculation on Z80: Doing the Impossible at 3.5 MHz

• ZX Spectrum Graphics Magic: The Basics Every Spectrum Fan Should Know

Reverse engineering

• Applied Reverse Engineering Series by Daax Rynd, Aidan Khoury and Nick Peterson

• Reverse Engineering for Beginners by Dennis Yurichev

• Reverse Engineering For Everyone by Kevin Thomas

• Reversing for dummies - x86 assembly and C code by Sami Alaoui

• Linux Reverse Engineering CTFs for Beginners

Robotics

• Introduction to Autonomous Robots by Nikolaus Correll, Bradley Hayes, Christoffer Heckman, and Alessandro Roncone

• Mathematics for Robotics by Jessy Grizzle

• Modern Robotics: Mechanics, Planning, and Control by Kevin M. Lynch and Frank C. Park

• Robotics & ROS 2 Essentials

• The open online robotics education resource

• Underactuated Robotics by Russ Tedrake

System programming

• io_uring basics: Writing a file to disk by Phil Eaton

• io_uring by example by Shuveb Hussain

• Lord of the io_uring by Shuveb Hussain

Technical Writing

• How to Write a Git Commit Message

• Refactoring English: Effective Writing for Software Developers by Michael Lynch

• Software Technical Writing: A Guidebook by James [pdf]

• Technical Writing Posts by James

Testing

• How to Test by Alex Kladov

• The Fuzzing Book by Andreas Zeller, Rahul Gopinath, Marcel Böhme, Gordon Fraser, and Christian Holler

Text editors

• Build Your Own Text Editor

• Design and Implementation of a Win32 Text Editor by James Brown

• Text Buffer Reimplementation by Peng Lyu

• Text Editor: Data Structures by Avery Laird

Emacs

• A Beginner's Guide to Extending Emacs by Tyler Langlois

• Emacs Config From Scratch by Arne Bahlo

  • Part 1: Foundations
  • Part 2: Projects and Keybindings
  • Part 3: LSP & Tree-sitter

• System Crafters Emacs Guides

• Emacs Lisp Elements by Protesilaos

• Emacs Mini Manual by Tu Do

  • Part 1: The Basics
  • Part 2: Lisp Primer - Why Parentheses Matter
  • Part 3: Customizing and Extending Emacs
  • C/C++ Development Environment for Emacs

• How to learn Emacs by David Röthlisberger

• How I am deeply integrating emacs by Joshua Blais

• Org Mode

• Use GNU Emacs: The Plain Text Computing Environment by Keith Waclena

Vim

• Interactive Vim Tutorial by Henrik Huttunen

• Learn Vim (the Smart Way) by Igor Irianto

• The Vi/Ex Editor by Walter Alan Zintz

• Vim from the ground up by Matthieu Cneude

• Vim Reference Guide by Sundeep Agarwal

Unicode

• Programming with Unicode by Victor Stinner

• The Absolute Minimum Every Software Developer Absolutely, Positively Must Know About Unicode and Character Sets by Joel Spolsky

• The Absolute Minimum Every Software Developer Must Know About Unicode in 2023 by Nikita Prokopov

• Unicode programming, with examples by Joe Nelson

Version control tools

• Git from the Bottom Up by John Wiegley

• Learn the workings of Git, not just the commands by Andre Fachat

Web programming

• A book about using Node.js by Mikito Takada

• A masochist’s guide to web development by Sebastiano Tronto

• FastCGI — The Forgotten Treasure by Peter Simons and Ralph Babel

• Full Stack open - Deep Dive Into Modern Web Development.

• Implementing React From Scratch by Robby Pruzan

• Intro to Web Dev

• Let's build a browser engine! by Matt Brubeck

• Let’s write a search engine by Amit Patel

  • Part 1
  • Part 2

• Mozilla Developers Network - Resources for Developers, by Developers. Documenting CSS, HTML, and JavaScript, since 2005.

• Ruby on Rails Guides

• Single page apps in depth by Mikito Takada

• Tania Rascia'a Web Development Deep Dives

  • A Complete Guide to CSS Concepts and Fundamentals
  • An Introduction to GraphQL
  • Design for Developers: Specific Steps to Improve Your Website Design
  • Everything I Know as a Software Developer Without a Degree
  • How to Set up a Mac for Development
  • How to Set Up webpack 5 From Scratch
  • How to Structure and Organize a React Application
  • How to Use React, the JavaScript Framework
  • How to Use Redux and React
  • How to Use Vue, the JavaScript Framework
  • Setting Up Virtual Hosts
  • The Event Loop, Callbacks, Promises, and Async/Await in JavaScript

• The Copenhagen Book - A general guideline on implementing auth in web applications.

• The Flask Mega-Tutorial by Miguel Grinberg

• The Odin Project - An open-source curriculum for learning full-stack web development.

• Web Browser Engineering by Pavel Panchekha and Chris Harrelson

• WebDev - Guidance to build modern web experiences that work on any browser.

• What happens when you type google.com into your browser's address box and press enter? by Alex Gaynor

CSS

• A Complete Guide to CSS Grid by Chris House

• CSS Tricks

• Learn CSS Layout the pedantic way by Mikito Takada

• Modern CSS Solutions for Old CSS Problems by Stephanie Eckles

• You no longer need JavaScript by Lyra Rebane

• What You Need to Know about Modern CSS (2025 Edition) by Chris Coyier

Django

• Learn Django by Will Vincent

• Modern JavaScript for Django Developers

HTML

• HTML for People by Blake Watson

• Learn HTML

Personal Websites and Blogs

AI

• Ahead of AI by Sebastian Raschka

• Aleksa Gordić blog

• Chizoba Obasi's Blog

• Hugging Face Blog

• Jake Tae's Blog

• Randorithms by Ben Coleman

C and C++

• Alf on programming (mostly C++)

• Andrzej's C++ Blog by Andrzej Krzemieński

• Arthur O’Dwyer's Blog

• Asymmetric Transfer Lewis Baker

• Bannalia: trivial notes on themes diverse by Joaquín M López Muñoz

• Barry's C++ Blog by Barry Revzin

• Borislav Stanimirov's Website

• Braden Ganetsky's Website

• C++ Metaprogramming by Odin Holmes

• C++ on a Friday by Anders Schau Knatten

• C++ Stories by Bartłomiej Filipek

• C++ Truths

• Chaitanya Kumar's Blog

• Crascit's Blog by Craig Scott

• Cristian Adam's Blog

• Eric Niebler's Blog

• Fluent C++ by Jonathan Boccara

• foonathan::​blog() by Jonathan Müller

• Functional C++

• Ion Gaztañaga's Blog

• Jaysmito Mukherjee's Blog

• Just Software Solutions' Blog by Anthony Williams

• Lu's blog by Lu Pan

• Manu Sanchez's Blog

• Marius Bancila's Blog

• Marshall's C++ Musings

• Mathieu Ropert's Blog

• Modernes C++ by Rainer Grimm

• Molecular Musings by Stefan Reinalter

• Moody Camel by Cameron Desrochers

• Nibble Stew's Blog

• null program by Chris Wellons

• Peter Dimov'a Blog

• Preshing on Programming by Jeff Preshing

• Programming Nonsense by Sy Brand

• ReachableCode by *Gianluca Delfino *

• Sandor Dargo's Blog

• Simplify C++ by Arne Mertz

• The C++ way by Andrzej Krzemieński

• The Old New Thing: Practical development throughout the evolution of Windows by Raymond Chen

• The Pasture by JeanHeyd Meneide

• The Sparkelling Bedangler

• Thinking Asynchronously in C++ by * Christopher Kohlhoff*

• Tomasz Wisniewski's Blog

• vector-of-bool

• Victor Zverovich's Blog

• Video Cortex by Adi Shavit

• Vishal Chovatiya's Blog

• Vittorio Romeo's Blog

• Vorbrodt's C++ Blog by Martin Vorbrodt

Game and Graphics Programming

• 30fps.net: Computer Graphics & Programming with Pekka Väänänen

• A small freedom area by Clément Bœsch

• Adam Sawicki's Blog

• Alan Zucconi's Website - Game Development, Shader Coding & Artificial Intelligence.

• Alexandru Ene's blog

• Anton Schreiner's Blog

• Aras Pranckevičius's Website

• Bits, pixels, cycles and more by Arseny Kapoulkine

• Branimir Karadžić's Blog

• Bumbershoot Software Blog by Michael Martin

• c0de517e's weblore by Angelo Pesce

• Chema Guerra's Blog

• Cyanilux Game Dev Blog & Tutorials

• DirectX Developer Blog

• Eric Arnebäck's Blog

• Eurographics Digital Library

• Evolve Benchmark

• Fabien Sanglard's Website

• Forward Scattering by Nicholas Chapman

• FrostKiwi's Secrets by Wladislav Artsimovich

• Frozen Fractal by Thomas ten Cate

• Graphics Programming weekly by Jendrik Illner

• Ignacio Castaño's Blog

• imad's website

• Interplay of Light by Kostas Anagnostou

• Irradiance Blog by Pablo Zurita

• Jacco Bikker's Blog

• Jason Mcghee's Blog

• JMS55's Blog

• John Novak's Website

• lisyarus blog by Nikita Lisitsa

• Martin Fuller's Graphics Ramblings

• Maister's Graphics Adventures by Hans-Kristian Arntzen

• Matt Pharr’s blog

• Max Slater's Blog: Computer Graphics, Programming, and Math

• Maxime Heckel's Blog

• Moments in Graphics by Christoph Peters

• Nikolaos Papadopoulos' Blog

• Of Shaders & Triangles by Hao Joe

• Peter Strahle's Blog

• Pikuma's Blog by Gustavo Pezzi

• Randy Gaul's Game Programming Blog

• RayLib Help

• Red Blob Games - Interactive visual explanations of math and algorithms, using motivating examples from computer games by Amit Patel

• Rendering Dreams by Thomas Poulet

• Rendering Engine Architecture Conference - A conference about the craft of real-time rendering systems.

• Rubén Osorio's Blog

• Ryan Kaplan's Blog

• Self Shadow

• Stephen Sherratt's Blog

• The blog at the bottom of the sea by Alan Wolfe

• The Brain Dump by Andre Weissflog

• The Code Corsair by Emilio López

• The Danger Zone by Matt Pettineo

• The Journal of Computer Graphics Techniques

• The ryg blog by Fabian Giesen

• wassimulato by Wassim Alhajomar

• hexaquo by Karl Bittner

• Zero Radiance by Evgenii Golubev

Hardware Blogs

• Just another electronics blog

• Ken Shirriff's blog

Math and Physics

• 3Blue1Brown by Grant Sanderson

• Almost Sure: A Random Mathematical Blog

  • Stochastic Calculus
  • Probability Theory
  • Absolutely Sure

• Ben Brubaker's Blog

• Better Explained

• Galileo Unbound Blog by Prof. David D. Nolte

• Ji-Ha's Blog

• John D. Cook's Blog

• Laboratories in Mathematical Experimentation: A Bridge to Higher Mathematics, 2nd Edition by J. William Bruce, George Cobb, Giuliana Davidoff, Christopher DugawF, Alan Durfee, Art M. Duval, Janice Gifford, Helmut Knaust, Donal O’Shea, Mark Peterson, Harriet Pollatsek, Margaret Robinson, Lester Senechal, Robert Weaver

• Machine Logic by Lawrence C. Paulson

• Math3ma by Tai-Danae Bradley

• Mathematical Enchantment by James Propp

• Oran Looney's Blog

• Valeriy Manokhin's Blog

Mixed Programming

• 0pfs by Mikola Lysenko

• A Random Walk Through Geek-Space by Sebastian Sylvan

• Aaro Luomanen's Blog

• Alberto Ventafridda's Blog

• Amanzhol Salykov's Blog

• Amit's Thoughts by Amit Patel

• Andreas Herrmann's Blog

• Andrew Gallant's Blog

• Andrew Healey's Blog

• Andrey Listopadov's Blog

• Anton Zhiyanov's Blog

• Anubhav Nain's Blog

• Arjun Sreedharan's Blog

• Artem Krylysov's Blog

• Austin Z. Henley's Blog

• Bartosz Milewski's Programming Cafe

• Beej's Home Page

• Bradley Chatha's D Blog

• Chris Loy's Blog

• Chris Penner's Blog

• Chris Warbo's Blog

• Chuniversiteit by Chun Fei Lung

• Considerations on Codecrafting

• Dan Hollick's Blog

• Daniel Fedorin's Blog

• Daniel Hooper's Blog

• Daniel Lemire's Blog

• Dayvi Schuster's Blog

• Digital Grove by Ryan Fleury

• Dissecting the Code by Sergey Teplyakov

• Dangerous Assembly by Frank Tetzel

• Edoardo Putti's Blog

• Educated Guesswork by Eric Rescorla

• Eli Bendersky's website

• Entropic Thoughts by Christoffer Stjernlöf

• Evan Ovadia's Blog

• Fernando Borretti's Website

• Francesco Mazzoli's Blog

• Games by Mason

• Gerneral Protection Fault

• Giles' blog by Giles Thomas

• glfmn.io

• Init 1 by Andrea Baldan

• Interjected Future by Wil Chung

• IT Hare on Soft.ware by Sergey Ignatchenko

• James Oswald's Blog

• Jan Wedekind's Blog

• Jamie Brandon's Blog

• Jari Komppa's Website

• Jaz's Blog

• Jens Gustedt's Blog

• Joe Mckay's Blog

• Jonathan Marler's Blog

• Julia Evans

• Justin Meiners's Blog

• Karl Seguin's Blog

• Karl Zylinski'a Website

• KC Sivaramakrishnan's Blog

• Lei Xia's Blog

• Lesley Lai's Blog

• Loris Cro's Personal Website

• Mario's Lab by Mario Zechner

• Martin Janiczek's Blog

• Martin Uecker's Blog

• MALTSEV.SPACE by Aleksey Maltsev

• Matt Godbolt's Blog

• Max Bernstein's Blog

• mcyoung by Miguel Young de la Sota

• Melatoni's Blog by Nguyen Trong Nghia

• Miguel Grinberg's Blog

• Mikael Zayenz Lagerkvist's Personal Website

• MonoidMusicianʼs Blog by Verity Scheel

• Nicholas Nethercote's Blog

• Nicolas Rinaudo's Blog

• Niko Matsakis's Blog

• NULL BITMAP by Justin Jaffray

• NULL on error - Flipping bits whilst updating pixels by Rodrigo Delduca

• Omar Aflak's Blog

• Owen Shepherd's Blog

• Paul Smith's Blog

• Phil Eaton's Website

• Playing with code by Dmitry V. Sokolov

  • On the site
    • TinyRenderer: Software rendering in 500 lines of bare C++
    • TinyCompiler: a compiler in a week-end
    • TinyOptimizer: an optimizing compiler challenge
    • Cursed fire or #define black magic
  • On the author's GitHub
    • Tiny renderer or how OpenGL works: software rendering in 500 lines of code
    • Understandable RayTracing in 256 lines of bare C++
    • KABOOM! in 180 lines of bare C++
    • Least squares for programmers

• Pointers Gone Wild by Maxime Chevalier-Boisvert

• Probably Dance

• protty

• purplesyringa by Alisa Sireneva

• Racey Chan's Blog

• Rahman Sibahi's Blog

• Rahul Gopinath's Blog

• RasterGrid

• Reindeereffect

• Reasonably Polymorphic by Sandy Maguire

• Sam Rose's Blog

• Serge Skoredin's Blog

• Simon Willison's Weblog

• Squadrick by Dheeraj Reddy

• Stephen Diehl's Blog

• stuffwithstuff by Robert Nystrom

• Syed Jafar Naqvi's Blog

• The If Works by James Coglan

• Theia Vogel's Blog

• Thomas Leonard's blog

• TK Kinoshita's Blog

• Vectorized by Caden Parker

• Vladimir Makarov's Blog

• xnacly - blog

• Zaid Humayun's Blog

Performance and Optimization

• Agner Fog's Website

• Branch Prediction Demystified by Joe Mckay

• Denis Bakhvalov's Website

• Johnny's Software Lab by Ivica Bogosavljević

• Optimizing a Math Expression Parser in Rust by Ricardo Pallás

• Romain Guy's Blog

Web Development

• nullpt-rs blog

• Frontend Masters

• Hugo Daniel's Blog

• Josh Comeau's Website - Animation, CSS, JavaScript, React

• JSLegendDev’s Substack - Web development, game development and their intersection.

• Tania Rascia’s blog by Tania Rascia

Other

• Explained from First Principles by Kaspar Etter

• How These Things Work - a book about abstraction

• Improve Your Social Skills by Dr. Daniel Wendler

• Project Oberon: The Design of an Operating System, a Compiler, and a Computer by Niklaus Wirth and Jürg Gutknecht

• Rocket and Space Technology

• Teach Yourself Computer Science

• The Art of HPC by Victor Eijkhout

• The Art of Insight in Science and Engineering: Mastering Complexity by Sanjoy Mahajan

• The Fundamentals of Control Theory by Brian Douglas

• The Missing Semester of Your CS Education

• The Nature of Code - A book about how can we capture the unpredictable evolutionary and emergent properties of nature in software by Daniel Shiffman

• Vjeux Blog

Other lists

• Awesome Math Books

• Become a Programmer, Motherfucker - A list of free programming books.

• Build Your Own X

• Electronic References by Colin S. Gordon - a loosely-categorized collection of links to CS textbooks in a variety of areas that are freely available online.

• Free Computer Books

• Free Tech Books

• GPU Optimization for GameDev by Ken Hu

• LibreTexts - Collections of science books.

• Lovely Professional University Books

• Max Slater's Bookmarks

• My favorite technical blogs by Phil Eaton

• Open Source Society University

• Programming Notes for Professionals books

• Project Based Learning

• Raspberry Pi Official Magazine Books